Science Cpt 3 Sec 4

Question 0

What are 7 processes that can change rock from one form to another.

Answer 0

1. melting
2. Cooling
3. Cementation
4. Heat
5. Pressure
6. Weathering
7. Erosion

Question 1

Which cycle takes millions of years that consists of the process by which____________change fron one form to another.

Answer 1

Rock cycle

Question 2

______________is the process of rock broken down by wind, water, and temperature change.

Answer 2

Weathering

Question 3

What is the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transport parts of the weathered rock from one location to another?

Answer 3

Erosion

Question 4

Rocks take different pathways in a rock cycle.

Explain……

Answer 4

If a rock is on the surface and exposed to weathering or erosion an igneous rock may become sedimentary rock.
But if a rock is deep inside the earth and exposed to high heat and pressure an igneous rock may become metamorphic rock.

Question 5

Rock cycle definition

Answer 5

The series of processes in which rock forms. Changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geologic processes.

Question 6

Why is the cycle of matter important?

Remember the word matter is a general word used to describe just about anything

Answer 6

The cycling matter is important to many Earths processes and to the survival of organisms.

Question 7

What are the 3 major classes of rocks?

Answer 7

1. Sedimentary = when rocks break into smaller pieces and those pieces get cemented together.
2. Igneous = when magma cools and becomes solid.
3. Metamorphic = rock is changed because of chemical processes or changes in temp and pressure.

Question 8

3 types of sedimentary rocks are…

Answer 8

1. Clastic= rocks made of fragments . Before they are cemented together they are called SEDIMENTS.
   Sediments are buried, put under pressure and cemented by minerals such as calcite and quartz.
2. Chemical = rocks made from minerals crystallized from a solution ( such as salt water) the minerals are buried put under pressure and cemented together.
3. Organic= rocks from shells and skeletons of dead marine animals are buried and cemented by calcite and quartz.

Question 9

Igneous rocks are divided into groups based on texture of the rock or the size of the crystals in the rock. True or false

Answer 9

True

Magma that slowly cools inside the earth forms rocks with large crystals

Lava that cools quickly on earths surface forms rocks with small crystals.

Question 10

Igneous rock can be classified by its chemical composition.

Explain…..

Answer 10

You have to look at the type of rock that initially melts to form magma.
Magma from crustal material is light colored and forms granite.
Magma from the earths mantle forms dark igneous rocks such as basalt.

Question 11

Metamorphic rock is rock that forms from other rocks as a result of____________,____________,
_________________.

Answer 11

Intense heat
Pressure
Chemical processes

Question 12

Most metamorphic change happens_______________________.

Answer 12

Deep within Earth’s crust at depths greater than 2Km

Question 13

What are the two types of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 13

Foliated = rocks like gneiss which are arranged in planes or bands

Non-foliated = rocks like marble and are NOT arranged in planes or bands

Question 14

Give rock examples of each type of rock.

1. sedimentary rock
A.
B.
C.
2. Igneous rock
A.
B.
C.
3. Metamorphic 
A . 
B.

Answer 14

1. Sedimentary Rock
   a. Sandstone
   b. Coquina
   c. Halite
2. Igneous Rock. 3. Metamorphic
   a. Granite. a. Gneiss
   b. Basalt. b. Marble

Question 15

The _______________is the continuous movement of _______________between the atmosphere, land, and the oceans

Answer 15

Water cycle

Water

Question 16

The sun is the major source of energy that powers the water cycle. True or false

Answer 16

True

The energy of the sun heats the water which causes water to change states.
Ex liquid water changes to water vapor.

Question 17

What are the steps of the water cycle?

Answer 17

Evaporation =liquid to gas
Transpiration = water vapor released from plants
Condensation= change from a gas to a liquid
*air contains water vapor cool and forms clouds
Precipitation = when water droplets become large enough, they fall back to earth

Question 18

Water moving over the land surface is called_______.

Answer 18

Runoff

Question 19

Describe the pathway of the water cycle.

Answer 19

***The source of energy is the sun!

Water cycles from the ocean into air, onto land, and back into the ocean in the water cycle.

Question 20

Which is the most important element that cycles through the Earths system?

Answer 20

Carbon

Carbon is part of the proteins, fats, and carbohydrates in living things.
Carbon is also found in the atmosphere, the water, the land, and the remains of living things.

Question 21

Explain short term process of the carbon cycle.

Answer 21

Your pic….

Question 22

Explain long term processes of the carbon cycle

Answer 22

Dead organisms are buried
Their bodies chemically change
This forms rocks such as limestone, or fossil fuels, such as coal, gas or oil.
When we burn these fuels, carbon returns to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.

The process of burning fuel is called combustion.

Question 23

Combustion is the process of_______________.

Answer 23

Burning fuel

Question 24

The process in which nitrogen circulates among the air, soil, water, plants, and animals in an ecosystem.

Answer 24

Nitrogen cycle

Question 25

Describe the phosphorus system

Answer 25

Phosphorus is found in living things and in soil, rock, and water. Plant roots absorb phosphorous from the soil. Then animals eat the plants and get phosphorus. When the animals die the phosphorus returns to the soil through decomposition.

Question 26

How is matter passed from on living thong to another?

Answer 26

Through all the cycles
Nitrogen cycle
Phosphorus cycle
Caron cycle
Water cycle

Question 27

The processes that cycle matter in the earth system can be rapid or may take millions of years. True or false

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Define the water cycle.

Answer 28

Water moves continuously from the ocean to the atmosphere to land, and back to the ocean.

Question 29

In the carbon cycle, carbon is cycled in both

_________processes and _________ processes.

Answer 29

Rapid

Slow

Question 30

What are 3 types of matter cycled through the Earth’s system.

Answer 30

1. Carbon
2. Phosphorus
3. Nitrogen

Question 31

Describe how igneous rock can form into sedimentary rock.

Answer 31

Igneous rock is broke into fragments. They are then formed into sedimentary rock through
Clastic or chemical sedimentary

Clastic- formed from sediments, buried and put under pressure.

Question 32

How is combustion part of the carbon cycle?

Answer 32

During the carbon cycle

When humans burn fuels such as coal. Gas, oil carbon returns to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.

Question 33

What type of rock is formed when igneous rock is weathered and eroded?

Answer 33

Sedimentary rocks
Sandstones
Coquina
Halite

Question 34

What needs to happen in order for metamorphic rock to change into igneous rock.

Answer 34

Metamorphic rock needs to heat up and melt. Magma that slowly cools deep inside the earth forms rocks with large crystals.
Magma that cools quickly forms rocks with small crystLs.

Question 35

Which of the following processes is not part of the water cycle?
Condensation
Evaporation
Radiation
Precipitation

Answer 35

Radiation