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Science Chapter 16 > Science Cpt 16 > Flashcards

Science Cpt 16 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What is the study of interactive organisms?

A

Ecology

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1
Q

What are three groups of organisms that can be divided into based how they get energy?

A
  1. Producer- own energy from sun AKA photosynthesis.
  2. Consumer- eat producers and each other
  3. Decomposes- bread down dead organisms
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2
Q

What do the arrows in a food chain and food web show?

A

The flow of energy of the consumer

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3
Q

At the top of an energy pyramid is the __________amount of energy.
Draw and label an engery pyramid.

A

Least amount

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4
Q

Give an example of a food web.

A

The sun gives energy to the grass ~> grass is eaten by a rabbit ~> The rabbit is eaten by a coyote.

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5
Q

The largest population that an environment can support is called its ____________

A

Carrying capacity

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6
Q

A resource so scarce that it limits the size of a population is called a___________

A

Limiting factor

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7
Q

What is abiotic?

A

Abiotic is non living matter.

Such as: rocks, water, light, mature

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8
Q

What is biotic.

A

Biotic is living matter.

Such as: humans and animals and plants

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9
Q

What are the 6 levels of the environment?

A
  1. Biosphere (where all life is found)
  2. Biome (where the climate determines the plants and animals)
  3. Ecosystem (communities and abiotic factors)
  4. Community (populations living together)
  5. Population (all individuals living in the same species)
  6. Individual (one organism)
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10
Q

What are three types of organisms that can be divided based on how they get energy?

A
  1. Producers (own energy from sun)
  2. Consumers (eat producers and each other)
  3. Decomposes (breaks down dead organisms)
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11
Q

A diagram that shows how energy in food is transformed from one organism to another is called____________

A

Food chain

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12
Q

What are 3 types of symbiosis?

A

Parasitism (one benefits but the other organism is harmed.)

Commensalism (only one of them benefits but the other is not affected.)

Mutualism (both organisms benefit)

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13
Q

True or false

Scientists who study the web of life specialize in the web of life.

A

True

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14
Q

What are the two parts of an environment?

A
  1. Abiotic-non living things (water, soil, light, temperature)
  2. Biotic- the interactions between organisms in an area .
    For example: a bear in a river catching fish.
    The water, light, air is abiotic and the competition of catching the fish is biotic.
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15
Q

Biotic

A

Describes living factors in the environment.

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16
Q

Six levels of environmental organization.

A
  1. Biosphere (all areas on earth)
  2. Biome (when climate determines plant community which supports the animal community)
  3. Ecosystem
  4. Community (all organisms that live in an area)
  5. Population (individuals that live in the same area and are the same species)
  6. Individual (one organism)
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17
Q

What is the biosphere?

A

The part of the earth where life exists.

From the deepest parts of the ocean and Earths crust to high in the air where plant spires drift.

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18
Q

Why do scientist study the biosphere?

A

To learn how organisms interact with the abiotic environment. (The Earth’s atmosphere, water, soil, and rock.). *nonliving things

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19
Q

What’s the definition of ecology?

A

The study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment.

20
Q

How can abiotic factors affect an ecosystem?

A

Organisms depend on abiotic factors for their survival. For example, a dolphin would not survive in a lake because it depends on warm salat water to live. (The warm salt water is the abiotic example)

21
Q

What is the difference between a community of organisms and a population of organisms?

A

The population is a group of organisms of the same species (like a population of dolphins)
A community of organisms is all populations of species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other.
For example a community in the ocean would be population like dolphins, sharks, crabs, fish, seaweed etc. all living together and interacting together.

22
Q

What would happen if an organism such as honey bees disappeared from the ecosystem?

A

Without bees plants would not be pollinated and then species of plants wouldn’t exist for our survival and there would be no honey.

23
Q

What might happen to a desert biome if the area received more rain than normal over an extended period of time? What are some changes you would see.

A

A biome is a large region that has a specific type of climate and certain plants and animals because of the climate. Such as, the desert, the tropics, the arctic.

Some of the dessert animals and plants would not survive with a lot if rain because they are suited for little rain. Over time new organisms would develop that required more water.

24
Q

What is the difference between a
Herbivore
Carnivore
Omnivore

Which type of organism are you?

A

Herbivore is an organism the eats only PLANTS

Carnivore-organism that eats only ANIMALS

Omnivore- an organism that eats plants and animals

25
Q

What are producers in an ecosystem?

A

Organisms(mostly plants) that change sun energy into chemical energy or food.
This is done through photosynthesis.*plants use solar energy to make food.

Most producers are green plants

26
Q

What is a consumer?

*not all organisms can make their own food.

A

Organisms that eat other organisms.

  1. Herbivore
  2. Carnivore
  3. Omnivore
27
Q

What is the difference between a primary consumer and a secondary consumer and tertiary consumer?

A

A PRIMARY consumer is lower on the food chain such as a chicken.
Wolves are SECONDARY consumers because they’ll eat chicken.
A vulture is a TERTIARY consumer because it will eat a dead wolf.

28
Q

True or false

A food chain is something you lock bad guys up with.

A

A food chain shows how energy and nutrients are transferred from one organism to another.

Producers such as plants form the base of the food chain.

29
Q

Decomposers are organisms that get energy and nutrients by breaking down __________
Organisms.

A

Dead

30
Q

What is a food we ?

A

A diagram that shows the feeding relationship between organisms in an ecosystem.

The web moves in one direction.
For example:
Grass to squirrel to wolf

31
Q

An energy pyramid is a triangle diagram that shows ecosystem loss of energy. There is less energy at the top because it was used at the bottom.

A

True

32
Q

Wolves belong at the top of the energy pyramid.

Why?

A

Because they are predictors and not usually preyed upon.

Grey Wolves are very important because they control so many other species.

33
Q

Populations cannot grow without limits because the environment contains a limited amount of food. Food that is scare that limits the size of a population is called________________

A

Limiting factor

Example:
Food becomes a limiting factor when a population becomes too large for the amount of food available.

34
Q

The largest population that an environment can support is called____________

A

Carrying capacity

For example, after a rainy season there are extra plants and food to eat. This may cause a population to grow. In the next year if there’s little rain there will be less food and the population will get smaller because there won’t be enough food.

35
Q

What are the 3 relationships that species affect each other in an ecosystem.

A
  1. Competition
  2. Predator and prey
  3. Symbiotic- (like a parasite)
36
Q

What are the 3 symbiotic relationships.

A
  1. Mutualism (relationship that both species benefit) *bees and flowers
  2. Commensalism ( relationship where 1 species benefits and the other is unaffected) *sharks and smaller fish called remoras
  3. Parasitism (relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed) *lice
37
Q

Limiting factors determine the ____________

_______________ of an environment.

A

Carrying capacity

38
Q

Mutualism, commensalism and parasitism are three kinds of ____________ _____________ that exists between organisms.

A

Symbiotic relationships

39
Q

The environment includes _______factors such as water, rock, and light.

A

Abiotic

40
Q

A community of organisms and their environment is called an

A

Ecosystem

41
Q

A tick sucks blood from Daisy. In this relationship, the tick us the_________ Daisy is the_________.

A

Parasite. Host

42
Q

Nature’s recyclers are____________

A

Decomposes

43
Q

A beneficial association between coral and algae is an example of___________

A

Mutualism

44
Q 
The process by which energy moves through an ecosystem can be represented by\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A. Food chain
B. energy pyramid
C.food web
D. All of the above
A

D

45
Q 
Which of the following organisms does the base of an energy pyramid represent?
A. Producers
B. carnivores
C. Herbivores
D. Scavengers
A

A producers (plants)

46
Q

What happens to the energy a consumer gains when the consumer eats another organism.

A

The predictor either Yessman the energy or stores the energy in their cells.

47
Q

When the grey wolf population declined how was the food web changed?

A

Without the grey wolves to hunt the elk, the elk population grew too large and ate too much of the grass which resulted in other animals not having enough food and then the smaller animals dies too.

48
Q

How is the competition between two trees of the same species similar to the completion between two trees if different species?

A

Trees and plants compete for sunlight. When trees grow tall to get sunlight they block sunlight for the smaller plants.

Science Chapter 16 (1 decks)

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