Science/chemistry. Yr8

Question 1

Define the word fuel

Answer 1

Fuel is a chemical substance from which stored energy can be transferred usefully to make things happen.

Question 2

Fuel types

Answer 2

Coal-solid
Hydrogen-gas
Oil-liquid

Question 3

What is the word equation for a hydrogen fuel cell

Answer 3

Hydrogen+oxygen= water
H + O2 = H2O
Reactants Products
Hydrogen fuel releases energy that is transferred to electricity to make the bus move.

Question 4

What is the product and reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell?

Answer 4

Water/H2O

Question 5

How is acid rain formed

Answer 5

Acid rain is formed by pollution from burning fuel like petal and diesel which cause nitrogen oxide and surfer oxide

Question 6

What happens when there is acid rain

Answer 6

Plants become unhealthy, fish die because acidic lakes, it breaks down rocks and removes the salts from the soil

Question 7

What does combustion mean

Answer 7

Burning

Question 8

What does Oxidation mean

Answer 8

When metal mixes with oxygen

Question 9

What is the fire triangle made of.

Answer 9

Oxygen, fuel and heat

Question 10

What does flammable mean

Answer 10

Easily burst into flames

Question 11

What does explosive mean

Answer 11

Contains enough energy to explode

Question 12

What does oxidising mean

Answer 12

Releases oxygen

Question 13

What does soot mean

Answer 13

Partials made up of carbon that has not reacted with oxygen

Question 14

What does carbon monoxide mean

Answer 14

A gas from carbon that reacts partly with oxygen

Question 15

What is a greenhouse gas

Answer 15

gasses that are in the earths atmosphere such as carbon dioxide, water vapour or methane

Question 16

What does the greenhouse effect mean

Answer 16

The warming effects on the earths surface

Question 17

Coal is a what? Fossil fuel

Answer 17

Hydrocarbon

Question 18

Hindenburg air ship - what caused it to explode.

Answer 18

Because when hydrogen reacts with electricity it is very explosive

Question 19

Phlogiston

Answer 19

Wood(phlogiston) =phlogiston in air + ashes (no phlogiston)

Question 20

8Ed Air pollution - Acid rain

Answer 20

Rainwater that is more acidic than usual due to air pollution, usually caused by sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides dissolved in it.

Question 21

8Ed Air pollution - Asthma

Answer 21

A condition in which the tiny tubes leading to the alveoli become narrow and start to fill with mucus.

Question 22

8Ed Air pollution- catalytic converters

Answer 22

A device fitted to the exhaust pipe of a vehicle to change harmful pollutant gases into less harmful gases.

Question 23

8Ed Air pollution- Complete combustion

Answer 23

When a substance reacts fully with oxygen, such as

Carbon + oxygen = carbon dioxide

Question 24

8Ed Air pollution- Incomplete combustion

Answer 24

When a substance reacts only partially with oxygen such as when carbon burns in the air producing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and soot (unburnt carbon)

Question 25

8Ed Air pollution - Filter (chemistry)

Answer 25

Anything, such as cloth, paper or a layer of sand, through which a fluid is passed to remove suspended pieces of solid.

Question 26

8Ed Air pollution- Filter (physics)

Answer 26

Something that only lets certain colours through and absorbs the rest.

Question 27

8Ed Air pollution- Nitrogen oxide

Answer 27

Acidic gas formed when nitrogen reacts with oxygen at high temperatures, such as in a car engine. There are different types of nitrogen oxides.

Question 28

8 Ed Air pollution- Pollutant

Answer 28

A substance that can harm the environment or the organisms that live there.

Question 29

8 Ed Air pollution- Soot

Answer 29

A form of carbon, which is produced as very fine particles when hydrocarbon fuels undergo incomplete combustion.

Question 30

8Ed Air pollution- Sulphur dioxide

Answer 30

An acidic gas released from burning fossil fuels, which contributes to acid rain.

Question 31

8Ee Global warning - climate change

Answer 31

Changes that will happen to the weather as a result of global warming.

Question 32

8Ee Global warming

Answer 32

Increased warming of the Earth’s surface as a result of increased amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.

Question 33

8Ee Greenhouse effect

Answer 33

The warming effect on the Earth’s surface caused by greenhouse gases absorbing energy emitted from the warm Earth’s surface and re- emitting it back to the surface.

Question 34

8Ee Greenhouse gas

Answer 34

A gas, such as carbon dioxide, water vapour or methane, in the Earth’s atmosphere which absorbs energy emitted from the Earth’s surface then emits it back to the surface.

Question 35

8Eb Oxidation - law of conservation of mass

Answer 35

The idea that mass is not lost or gained during a chemical reaction. The mass of all the reactants is equal to the mass of all the products.

Question 36

8Eb Oxidation - metal

Answer 36

Any element that is shiny when polished, conducts heat and electricity well, is malleable and flexible and often has a high melting point.

Question 37

8Eb Oxidation- metal oxide

Answer 37

A metal that has combined with oxygen in a chemical reaction, e.g magnesium oxide. The general word equation for the reaction is: Metal + oxygen = metal oxide

Question 38

8Eb Oxidation - non metal

Answer 38

Any element that is not shiny and does not conduct heat and electricity well.

Question 39

8Eb Oxidation-

Answer 39

Reacting with oxygen. For example, when a fuel combusts or when a metal reacts with oxygen to form a metal oxide.

Question 40

8Eb Oxidation- oxide

Answer 40

A compound of a metal or non metal with oxygen, such as magnesium oxide or carbon dioxide.

Question 41

8Eb Oxidation- oxidiser

Answer 41

A substance that supplies oxygen for a reaction.

Question 42

8Eb Oxidation- Phlogiston

Answer 42

A Substance that scientists once thought explained why things burn; it has since been proved that it does not exist.

Question 43

8Ec Fire Safety - exothermic

Answer 43

A reaction that gives out energy that can be felt as it heats the surroundings, such as combustion.

Question 44

8Eb Fire Safety - fire extinguisher

Answer 44

Something that is used to put out a fire such as a canister of carbon dioxide, powder, water or foam.

Question 45

8Eb Fire Safety - Fire triangle

Answer 45

A way of showing in a diagram that heat, fuel and oxygen are needed for fire.

Question 46

8Eb Fire Safety - hazard symbol

Answer 46

A warning symbol that shows why something is dangerous.