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Science > Science Chapter 16 Study Guide > Flashcards

Science Chapter 16 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Hydropower makes up_______ of the renewable energy produced globally

A

63%

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2
Q

The lowest point to which the stream flows is its

A

Mouth or base level

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3
Q

The energy of a stream is directly related to its

A

Gradient

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4
Q

The origin of a stream is its

A

Source

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5
Q

The gradient of a stream relates most closely to its

A

Elevation profile

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6
Q

Are high gradient stream usually erodes its blank faster than its blank

A

Streambed and banks

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7
Q

A measure of the slope of a stream

A

Gradient

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8
Q

The lowest level to which a stream can erode

A

Base level

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9
Q

Where would you expect to see a narrow, V-shaped cross section

A

High gradient stream

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10
Q

Would a young earth or old earth geologist agree that the oldest streams are low gradient streams

A

Old

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11
Q

A stream along with all its tributaries is called a

A

Stream system

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12
Q

A smaller stream that feeds a larger stream

A

Tributaries

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13
Q

The order number of a stream system is based on its

A

Tributaries

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14
Q

A stream and all its tributaries make up a

A

Stream system

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15
Q

Describe how a streams rates of erosion and deposition are related to its gradient

A

High gradient streams have the highest erosion and least amount of deposition. Low gradient streams have the least amount of erosion and the most deposition

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16
Q

A ridge that separates one drainage basin from another is called a

A

Divide

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17
Q

The region from which water empties into a stream and its tributaries is a

A

Drainage basin

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18
Q

Why are floodplains good areas for farming

A

Raw flat areas with fertile topsoil

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19
Q

Is produced by a cut off

A

Oxbow lake

20
Q

Usually has rapids and waterfalls

A

High gradient streams

21
Q

Develops in the channels of low gradient streams

A

Meanders

22
Q

There are several basin divides in

A

North America

23
Q

To pass by dams on rivers such as the three gorges dam in China, ships require

A

Locks or lifts

24
Q

A stream that appears as dotted blue lines on a topographic map

A

Intermediate streams

25
Q

The most likely reason that an engineer what design and build a levee would be to

A

Control flooding

26
Q

Blank is created when a meander is cut off by the string

A

Oxbow lake

27
Q

What have geologists used to explain the origin of natural lakes

A

Tectonic and glacial activity

28
Q

What contains the greatest amount of the earths freshwater

A

Glaciers and ice sheets

29
Q

What contains the greatest amount of the earth liquid fresh surface water

A

Lakes and ponds

30
Q

A young earth geologist will claim that no lake or pond can be older than about blank ears

A

5,500

31
Q

Can a Lake form when a cave system collapses

A

Yes

32
Q

Where can lakes form

A

Volcanic creator, meteor crater, and sinkle

33
Q

Why are the great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea so salty

A

They have inlets and no outlets

34
Q

Large salty lakes that have evaporated due to past climate changes usually leave behind

A

Salt flats

35
Q

Do some lakes contain salt water

A

 yes

36
Q

An unusual lake that has an inlet but no outlet is a 

A

Salt Lake

37
Q

A crater lake can be the result of either a volcano or a

A

Meteorite impact

38
Q

Extensive nutrients flowing into a lake or pond can produce 

A

Eutrophication

39
Q

Eutrophication changes the organisms in a lake overtime causing the lake to become

A

Toxic and reduces oxygen in like

40
Q

Overtime, most lakes well usually

A

Shrink

41
Q

The water in lakes are mixed vertically by a process called

A

Thermalology

42
Q

Foreign lakes and ponds in middle latitudes, the greatest contrast between surface and bottom temperatures would be in the

A

Summer

43
Q

In lakes and ponds, nutrients and oxygen are exchanged between the bottom and surface during spring and fall

A

Thermal turnovers

44
Q

The study of the earths surface waters is called

A

Limnology

45
Q

A rapidly moving weather system passing over a large lake can cause a slow, sloshing effect on lake levels called a

A

Seiche

46
Q

Do lakes of all sizes have well-established current patterns, just like the ocean

A

No

47
Q

What can lead to a change of water surface light up to several meters in a short period of time

A

Seiche

Science (2 decks)

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