science chapter 15 lessons 1,2,3 Flashcards
The combination of chemical reactions through when an organism breaks down materials
Metabolism
What are characteristics that all living things share?
Cellular organization, ability to grow and develop, containing similar chemicals, ability to reproduce, energy usage, and response to surroundings
What is the most abundant chemical in all living things?
Water
What energy source is the fastest in releasing energy?
Carbohydrates
Which energy source contains the most energy?
Lipids
What is an example of a lipid
Fats
Lipids, proteins, nucleus acids, and carbohydrates are all _________ material. (Hint: this applies to all things that contain carbon)
Organic
What speeds up chemical reactions?
Enzymes
Chemical instructions needed by cells to carry out the functions of life.
Nucleic acids
Why do living things need food?
To obtain and use energy
Why do living things need water?
To obtain chemicals from their surroundings, to break down food, to grow, to move substances within their bodies, and to reproduce
Why do living things need living space?
To get food and water from its surroundings, for shelter, and for reproduction
Why do living things need stable internal conditions?
For cells to function properly, irregardless of what’s happening outside of the body
What are the building blocks of cells?
Proteins
What is the difference between growth and development?
Growth involves an organism becoming taller and bigger. Development is when the organism becomes more complex
Organisms use energy to:
Move and maintain your metabolism
What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves two parents and the offspring doesn’t look exactly like the parents, while asexual reproduction involves one parent and the offspring is identical to the parent
Who devised the system of naming animals also known as binomial nomenclature?
Carolus Linnaeus
Binomial nomenclature is the system of naming organisms by their observable features and it’s made up of two names- ______ & _______
Genus and species
Describe how scientific names are written
In italics, the genus first and the species last, and the first letter of the genus capitalized and the first letter of the species lowercase. It is in Latin.
What is the broadest level of classification?
Domain
List the taxonomic levels of classification from the most number of organisms to the least number of organisms
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
What are taxonomic keys used for?
To help determine the identity of organisms
What are the three domains?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
What are organisms whose cell(s) do not contain nuclei called?
Prokaryotes
All Eukaryotes are placed in the domain _________
Eukarya
All organisms in the domain Bacteria are:
Unicellular, prokaryotes, autotrophs/heterotrophs
What is the difference between the domain Archaea and the domain Bacteria?
Archaea’s chemical makeup and cell structure is different from that of Bacteria
Oxygen is a necessity for life. True or false?
False, organisms in the domain Archaea do not need oxygen because they are used to living in extreme conditions
Organisms in the domain Eukarya are:
Autotrophs/heterotrophs, multicellular/unicellular, eukaryotes
Give an example of a protist
Seaweed
Give an example of a type of fungi
Yeast or a mushroom
