Science / Cells Test Flashcards
Organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell.
Cell membrane
Controls which substances can enter or leave the cell
Nucleus
Cell structure that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct all the cell’s activities
Mitochondria
Rod-shaped, produces most of the energy
Cell Wall
Rigid layer surrounding plant cells helps with support
Vacuoles
Water filled sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area
Lysosomes
A small round cell structure that contains chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones
Ribosomes
Small grain-like structure where proteins are made
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried to different parts of the cell
Cytoplasm
Region between cell membrane and nucleus or in cells without a nucleus, inside the cell membrane
Golgi Bodies
Receive proteins and other material from the ER, packages and distributes them to other parts of the cell
Chloroplast
Structure that captures sun energy to make food in plant cells
Osmosis
The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.
Diffusion
The process by which molecules move from one area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Active Transport
The movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy.
