Science (Cells, Cell Division, Reproduction) Flashcards
What is a cell?
A cell is a small thing that makes up everything living
What are 2 organelles in the animal cell and their use?
Mitochondria - The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell and gives the cell energy
Ribosomes - Create protein through photosynthesis
What are 2 plant cell specific organelles and their purpose?
Cell wall - The cell wall provides the plant cells protection and is more rigid than the plasma membrane.
Large vacuole - The large vacuole stores water and nutrients as well as disposes of waste
What are the phases of mitosis and a brief explaination of each?
IPMAT
Interphase - The cell does typical things and prepares for mitosis
Prophase - chromosomes condense and nucleus begins to disappear
Metaphase - The Chromosomes align in the middle of the cell and the nucleus disappears
Anaphase - the chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell
Telophase - The cell creates two nuclei around the two groups of chromosomes and prepares to split
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
The difference between mitosis and meiosis is that in mitosis the cell clones itself while in meiosis the cell does split however the chromosomes exchanged genetic material so they aren’t all identical. Also mitosis produces daughter cells that have the same number of chromosomes while meiosis produces four daughter cells that have half the chromosomes so that when they meet their zygote will have the same amount as that parent cell.
What’s the difference between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction only requires one parent while sexual reproduction requires two
Why does every person look different?
Every person, including twins and siblings, look at least somewhat different because min sexual reproduction instead of being exact clones of one person the chromosomes exchange genetic material which makes every single human being look at least a little bit different.
