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Science > Science - Cells > Flashcards

Science - Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Distinguish between living and non-living things

A

Living things are composed of cell and they are able to move, grow and reproduce while non-living things lack these characteristics.

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2
Q

Identify the needs of cells, including the removal of waste

A

Nutrients, Oxygen, Water,Waste Removal

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3
Q

Classify organisms or a group of organisms

A

Organisms are grouped into a system that starts with the biggest category, called the domain, and gets smaller until it reaches the specific type, known as species. This helps scientists organise and understand how different living things are related.

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4
Q

Identify that the Linnaean binomial classification system uses a genus and species name to identify specific organisms and apply this to the organisms students are researching

A

Genus - Group of closely related species Species - More specific classfication within a genus

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5
Q

Plants

A

Have the same organelles as animal cells but with 2 extra organelles: Chloroplasts and cell wall
Eukaryotic
Nucleus
Autotrophic

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6
Q

Animals

A

Most multicellular cells
Eukaryotic
Nucleus
Heterotrophic

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7
Q

Fungi

A

Eukaryotic
Nucleus
Heterotrophic

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8
Q

Bacteria

A

Unicellular
Prokaryotic
No Nucleus
Autotrophic
OR
Heterotrophic

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9
Q

MR RAGER

A

M - Movement
R - Respiration

R - Reproduction
A - Adaptation
G - Growth
E - Excretion
R - Response to stimuli

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10
Q

Movement

A

How living things change their position or place

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11
Q

Respiration

A

Living things convert their food into energy

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12
Q

Reproduction

A

The ability to produce an offspring

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13
Q

Adaption

A

How living things change over time to survive in their environment

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14
Q

Growth

A

Living things increase in size or develop over time

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15
Q

Excretion

A

Remove waste products from the body

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16
Q

Response to Stimuli

A

Living things can react or change over time

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17
Q

Nutrients

A

Cells require nutrients like glucose for energy and growth

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18
Q

Oxygen

A

For cellular respiration to produce energy

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19
Q

Water

A

Chemical reactions

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20
Q

Waste Removal

A

Cells must remove carbon dioxide to maintain a healthy environment

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21
Q

Desert

A

Hot, dry (e.g., Sahara)

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22
Q

Rainforest

A

Lush, humid (e.g., Amazon).

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23
Q

Tundra

A

Cold, frozen (e.g., Arctic).

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24
Q

Savanna

A

Warm, grassy (e.g., African Savanna).

25
Q

Grassland

A

Fertile, grassy (e.g., Prairies).

25
Q

Ocean

A

Vast, marine.

26
Q

Forest

A

Seasonal or evergreen (e.g., Taiga).

27
Q

Compare the differences between biotic and abiotic features of an environment

A

Biotic features are the living things in an ecosystem, like plants and animals. Abiotic features are the non-living things, such as sunlight and water, that affect those living things.

28
Q

Explain how abiotic features of an environment affect the biotic features of the environment

A

Abiotic features like temperature and water affect where living things can grow and live. For example, warmth and water help plants grow which provides food for animals.

29
Q

Examine how different adaptations (physiological and behavioural) are useful for certain organisms in their environment

A

Animals have special traits to survive where they live. For example, camels store fat to survive without food in the desert, and birds migrate to warmer places to find food in winter.

30
Q

Explain how plants and animals are classified in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultures based on their uses, forms and functions

A

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders classify organisms by cultural and social factors, such as spiritual significance, personal knowledge, and practical uses.

31
Q

Identify that living things are made of cells

A

Living things are made up of basic units called cells, which are the building blocks of life. These cells work together to form tissues and organs, allowing growth and survival.

32
Q

Write a word equation for cellular respiration

A

Glucose + Oxygen ———–> Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy

33
Q

Write a word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon Dioxide + Water ( Sunlight ) Glucose + Oxygen

34
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Protects the cell and controls movement.

35
Q

Cytoplasm

A

A jelly-like material that holds cell parts and helps them work.

36
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains DNA and is considered as the cell’s control centre.

37
Q

Cell Wall

A

Rigid layer in plant cells for support and protection.

38
Q

Mitochondria

A

Converts food into energy

39
Q

Chloroplasts

A

In plant cells, they conduct photosynthesis, converting sunlight into energy

40
Q

Distinguish between plant and animal cells using text and diagrams of their structure

A

Unlike animal cells, plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a larger vacuole. Animal cells are softer and more flexible, without a cell wall or chloroplasts. These differences help each cell do its specific job.

41
Q

Define cellular respiration

A

Cellular respiration is the process when cells break down glucose and oxygen to produce energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

42
Q

Describe how cellular respiration meets the needs of cells

A

Energy Production
Supports Growth
Waste Removal
Adapts to Needs

43
Q

Define photosynthesis and the conditions under which it occurs

A

Photosynthesis is a living process where plants turn carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose in the presence of sunlight.

44
Q

Describe how photosynthesis meets the needs of plant cells

A

Produces energy
Releases oxygen
Supports growth

45
Q

Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration

A

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are processes that provide energy. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to make food (glucose) and oxygen in plants, while cellular respiration breaks down this food to release energy for cells.

46
Q

Compare unicellular and multicellular organisms

A

Unicellular organisms, like bacteria, are made of one cell that does everything, making them simple and tiny. Multicellular organisms, like plants and humans, have many specialized cells that work together, allowing them to be more complex and live longer.

47
Q

Outline the hierarchy of structure within a multicellular organism including: Cell, tissue, organ, system, organism

A

In a multicellular organism, the structure starts with cells, the smallest building blocks of life. Cells with similar jobs group together to form tissues. These tissues then combine to make organs, like the heart or lungs, which each have a specific job to do. Organs work together in organ systems, like the digestive or circulatory system, to keep the organism alive and functioning. All these systems together make up a whole living organism.

48
Q

Research an organism to explain its classification and describe how it embodies all the characteristics shared by living things

A

Humans, called Homo sapiens are made of cell, they are able to move, grow, reproduce etc. They are able to change over time and develop traits such as walking on two legs and speaking. These are all traits of living things.

49
Q

Energy Production

A

Human cells produce energy by turning food into fuel for the body

50
Q

Adapt to Needs

A

Human cells change how they use energy based on the body’s needs.

51
Q

Supports to Growth

A

Human cells grow by dividing and changing to do different jobs.

52
Q

Red Blood Cells

A

Red blood cells are disc-shaped and flexible, which helps them carry oxygen

53
Q

Nerve Cells

A

Nerve cells have long branches to send signals quickly across the body.

54
Q

Muscle Cells

A

Muscle cells are long and can stretch to help the body move.

55
Q

Sperm Cells

A

Sperm cells have a tail to help them swim towards the egg for reproduction.

56
Q

Lung epithelial Cells

A

Lung epithelial cells have tiny hair-like structures (cilia) to move mucus and dirt out of the lungs

57
Q

White Blood Cells

A

White blood cells have a flexible shape to move through blood and fight infections.

Science (3 decks)

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