science cells Flashcards
cell
the basic unit of structure and function in an organism
*its shape and size contribute to its function
Robert Hooke
used a microscope to discover cells
Microscope
tool used to magnify or enlarge small things
Cell Theory
- All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
- Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things
- All cells come from cells that already exist.
Organelle
a tiny structure in the cell that performs a function
Nucleus
directs all cell activities (similar to the brain of the cell)
Nucleolus
makes ribosomes
Chromatin
contains DNA (genetic material that are the instructions for the cell)
DNA= deoxyribonucleic acid
Nuclear Membrane
surrounds nucleus
Cell Membrane
selectively permeable membrane meaning it only lets specific materials move in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm
gel-like material inside the cell
- cytosol is part of the cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
moves material around in a cell like a highway.
Ribosomes
makes proteins and translates messages.
Golgi bodies
the packaging organelles.
Mitochondrion
powerhouse of the cell because it breaks down food molecules and releases energy
*does cellular respiration