science CAT 1 flash cards
Define what energy is
Energy exists in many different forms
types of energy
light energy, heat energy, mechanical energy, gravitational energy, electrical energy, sound energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy,
Explain that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can change form and be passed between objects.
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed - only converted from one form of energy to another.
Give examples of how energy can be transferred from one type to another
- The Sun transforms nuclear energy into heat and light energy.
- Our bodies convert chemical energy in our food into mechanical energy for us to move.
- An electric fan transforms electrical energy into kinetic energy.
define potential energy
potential energy is the energy that is stored in an object due to its position relative to some zero position.
define elastic potential energy
Elastic potential energy is energy stored as a result of applying a force to deform an elastic object
define gravitational potential energy
Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object as the result of its vertical position or height.
define chemical potential energy
Chemical potential energy is the energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance.
define nuclear energy
Nuclear energy is a form of energy released from the nucleus, that is made up of protons and neutrons.
Provide examples of objects with different types of potential energy
What are some examples of potential energy? A rock sitting on the edge of a cliff and A stretched elastic string in a longbow
Define kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, observable as the movement of an object or subatomic particle
define electrical energy
Electrical energy is derived from the charged particles’ electric potential energy or kinetic energy.
define thermal energy
Thermal energy refers to the energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature
define sound energy
sound energy comes from vibrations moving through something.
Provide examples of objects that use or have kinetic energy
A river flowing at a certain speed comprises kinetic energy
Provide examples of objects that use or have electrical energy
Lightning, batteries and even electric eels are examples of electrical energy.
Provide examples of objects that use or have thermal energy
Boiling water on a stove is an example of thermal energy.
Provide examples of objects that use or have sound energy
music, speech, and environmental noise are all forms of sound energy
Provide examples of energy transfers involving kinetic energy
a charged particle in an electric field are all example of kinetic energy at work
Provide examples of energy transfers involving electrical energy
In the light bulbs. This is an example of electrical energy transfer
provide examples of energy transfers involving thermal energy
a lighted match (higher temperature object) will transfer heat to a large pan filled with lukewarm water (lower temperature object), an example of thermal energy transfer
provide examples of energy transfers involving sound energy
microphones and speakers are examples of sound becoming electrical energy.
Define what an energy transformation is and provide examples of different transformations
Energy transformation is when energy changes from one form to another. Examples of energy transformation are The Sun transforming nuclear energy into heat and light energy.
* Our bodies convert chemical energy in our food into mechanical energy for us to move.
Describe how energy transformation can be used to generate electricity.
energy transformation can generate energy the same ways like in a hydroelectric dam that transforms the kinetic energy of water into electrical energy.
