science CAT 1 flash cards

Question 1

Define what energy is

Answer 1

Energy exists in many different forms

Question 2

types of energy

Answer 2

light energy, heat energy, mechanical energy, gravitational energy, electrical energy, sound energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy,

Question 3

Explain that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can change form and be passed between objects.

Answer 3

The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed - only converted from one form of energy to another.

Question 4

Give examples of how energy can be transferred from one type to another

Answer 4

• The Sun transforms nuclear energy into heat and light energy.
• Our bodies convert chemical energy in our food into mechanical energy for us to move.
• An electric fan transforms electrical energy into kinetic energy.

Question 5

define potential energy

Answer 5

potential energy is the energy that is stored in an object due to its position relative to some zero position.

Question 6

define elastic potential energy

Answer 6

Elastic potential energy is energy stored as a result of applying a force to deform an elastic object

Question 7

define gravitational potential energy

Answer 7

Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object as the result of its vertical position or height.

Question 8

define chemical potential energy

Answer 8

Chemical potential energy is the energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance.

Question 9

define nuclear energy

Answer 9

Nuclear energy is a form of energy released from the nucleus, that is made up of protons and neutrons.

Question 10

Provide examples of objects with different types of potential energy

Answer 10

What are some examples of potential energy? A rock sitting on the edge of a cliff and A stretched elastic string in a longbow

Question 11

Define kinetic energy

Answer 11

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, observable as the movement of an object or subatomic particle

Question 12

define electrical energy

Answer 12

Electrical energy is derived from the charged particles’ electric potential energy or kinetic energy.

Question 13

define thermal energy

Answer 13

Thermal energy refers to the energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature

Question 14

define sound energy

Answer 14

sound energy comes from vibrations moving through something.

Question 15

Provide examples of objects that use or have kinetic energy

Answer 15

A river flowing at a certain speed comprises kinetic energy

Question 16

Provide examples of objects that use or have electrical energy

Answer 16

Lightning, batteries and even electric eels are examples of electrical energy.

Question 17

Provide examples of objects that use or have thermal energy

Answer 17

Boiling water on a stove is an example of thermal energy.

Question 18

Provide examples of objects that use or have sound energy

Answer 18

music, speech, and environmental noise are all forms of sound energy

Question 19

Provide examples of energy transfers involving kinetic energy

Answer 19

a charged particle in an electric field are all example of kinetic energy at work

Question 20

Provide examples of energy transfers involving electrical energy

Answer 20

In the light bulbs. This is an example of electrical energy transfer

Question 21

provide examples of energy transfers involving thermal energy

Answer 21

a lighted match (higher temperature object) will transfer heat to a large pan filled with lukewarm water (lower temperature object), an example of thermal energy transfer

Question 22

provide examples of energy transfers involving sound energy

Answer 22

microphones and speakers are examples of sound becoming electrical energy.

Question 23

Define what an energy transformation is and provide examples of different transformations

Answer 23

Energy transformation is when energy changes from one form to another. Examples of energy transformation are The Sun transforming nuclear energy into heat and light energy.
* Our bodies convert chemical energy in our food into mechanical energy for us to move.

Question 24

Describe how energy transformation can be used to generate electricity.

Answer 24

energy transformation can generate energy the same ways like in a hydroelectric dam that transforms the kinetic energy of water into electrical energy.