Science Bullshit

Question 1

Chemical structure of protein

Answer 1

Proteins are large molecules
Long chains called amino acids
Over 80 amino acids but only 20 are found in food proteins-8 are essential
Each amino acids contains at least one amino group and at least one axis group

Question 2

The chemical structure of a protein diagram

Answer 2

H     O
H           |      ||
      \
       N - C  - C - OH
      /       |
   H        R

Question 3

Peptide link

Answer 3

Formed when the amino group of one amino acid reacts with the acidic group of an adjacent mono acid

Question 4

Peptide link diagram

Answer 4

Can’t be bothered to draw it lol

Question 5

Condensation polymerisation

Answer 5

When a molecule of water is eliminated during the formation of the peptide link

Question 6

Dipeptide

Answer 6

When two amino acids join together

Question 7

Polypeptide

Answer 7

When a long chain of amino acids join together

Question 8

Protein complementation

Answer 8

Mixture of proteins used to get the essential amino acids in vegan/vegetarian(vegetable people)
Don’t contain meat
E.g. Scrambled egg on brown bread, beans on toast, rice and peas

Question 9

Globular protein

Answer 9

Rounded in shape but not necessarily spherical (like mrs O’Neill lol)
Amino acid chain is folded and the molecule is kept in the shape by cross linkages within the chain.
Easy for water molecules to penetrate empty spaces within protein molecules
Eg ovalbumin found in egg white affected by heat

Question 10

Fibrous protein

Answer 10

Organised arrangement and molecules are closely packed together
Cross links between adjacent amino acid chains.
Difficult for water molecules to penetrate structure
Not soluble in water e.g. Gluten found in wheat
Not affected by heat

Question 11

Elastic

Answer 11

Straight fibrous protein

Question 12

Inelastic

Answer 12

Cooled in a spiral fibrous protein

Question 13

HBV

Answer 13

High biological protein
Protein which provide the 8 essential amino acids
E.g. Meat fish eggs cheese milk soya bean

Question 14

LBV

Answer 14

Low biological value
Protein which doesn’t give the 8 essential amino acids
E.g. Peas beans lentils nuts grains

Question 15

Primary structure

Answer 15

Sequence of amino acids in the protein chain
Amino acid and carboxylate groups take part in a condensation reaction to form a peptide bond
Peptide bonds are very stable (only broken by strong acids or enzymes)