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Science (bio) > Science (bio) > Flashcards

Science (bio) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a cell

A

The building blocks of all organisms.

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2
Q

What is a stereo microscope

A

Hase 2 ocular lenses and uses light reflected from the surface

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3
Q

What is a light microscope

A

uses light from a mirror or lamp to pass through the specimen. Specimen must be thin.

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4
Q

Electron microscopes

A

Use beams of tiny particles instead of light and are able to magnify up to a million times

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5
Q

Whats a micrometer

A

A one-thousandth or one-millionth of a millimeter

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6
Q

What is feild of veiw

A

The maximum area visible when looking through a microscope

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7
Q

Who created the first microscope

A

Zacharias Janssen

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8
Q

What is the cell theory

A

The discovery that plant cells are not just empty boxes and have even smaller structures inside.

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9
Q

What are eukaryotik cells

A

Cells containing membrane-bound organelles and are the basis for both unicellular and multicellular organisms.

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10
Q

What are prokaryotic cells

A

Do not have any membrane-bound organelles and are only part of unicellular organisms

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11
Q

Difference between plant and animal and cells

A

Plant celss have a cell wall and cell membrane, whereas animal cells have only cell membrane.

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12
Q

Whats an organelle

A

A subcellular stucture that only has one or more specific job

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13
Q

What are fungal cells

A

Organisms that can be made of just a single cell or many cells.They form into things such as yeast and mushrooms.

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14
Q

Difference between multi and uni cellular organisms

A

Multicellular means it has more than one cell in the organism, while unicellular is when there is inly one cell forming the organism.

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15
Q

What is mitosis

A

The division of a cell into 2 identical cells.

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16
Q

red blood cells

A

They transfer oxygen from your lungs, around your body and to the cells. Found in blood vessels

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17
Q

white blood cells

A

Part of the immune system and help fight off infections. Found in lymph nodes and blood vessels.

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18
Q

Brown fat cells

A

Produce heat for the body.

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19
Q

White fat cells

A

Found underneath the skin and store energya and help keep your body at a constant temperature

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20
Q

Gaurd cells

A

Found on the leaves and stems of plants. Open and close tiny pores that allow gasses needed to enter and unneeded gasses to leave

21
Q

Photosynthetic cells

A

Found near the surface of the green parts of stems. Uses chlorophyll to trap the suns energy which is then used for photosynthesis

22
Q

Conducting cells

A

Long thin tubes that transport food and water from the leaves to the roots and stems. Found in the roots and stems of plants.

23
Q

Structural cells

A

acts as the skeleton of the palnt and the cell wall is thick ant strong to provide support. Found in the cell wall

24
Q

Root hairs

A

Root hairs increase the surface area of the root for water intake. Found in the roots of plants.

25
Q

How are tissues made

A

Similar speacilised cells work together to complete a specific task

26
Q

How are organs formed

A

Tissues are organised into organs which containsatleast 2 different types of tissue working together to complete a specific task.

27
Q

How are organ systems formed

A

When organs arrange into organs sytems. 2 or more different organs work together.

28
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Made up of cells that form surfaces over other organs. E.g; skin

29
Q

Connective tissue

A

Supports and hold together other tissues in the body. E.g; fat, bone

30
Q

Muscle tissue

A

A speacialised tissue that can contract, becoming shorter and fatter. E.g; upper arm/biceps

31
Q

Nerve tissue

A

electrical signals are sent around the body which are controlled by nerve tissue.

32
Q

What does the heart do?

A

The tissues work together to pump blood. The blood carries nutrients and oxygen to the cells

33
Q

What do the liver and pancreas do?

A

Produce chemicals that help with digestion.

34
Q

volentary muscles (skeletal muscles)

A

attached to the bones of your skeleton and are used for support

35
Q

involuntary muscles (smooth muscles)

A

controls breathing and keeping food moving through your gut

36
Q

cardiac muscles

A

uses mitochondria to provide a continuous supply of energy that allows the heart to beat.

37
Q

respiratory system

A

gets oxygen from the air and into your body and gets ride of waste and carbon dioxide

38
Q

skeletal system

A

your skeleton and muscles

39
Q

excretory system

A

gets rid of waste from the body

40
Q

Nervous system

A

Sends messages to and from your brain

41
Q

Reproductive system

A

Creates and transports the speacialised cells necessary for reproduction.

42
Q

What do the stomach and small intestine do?

A

Food goes through chemical changes so it can be used by the body

43
Q

Rectum

A

Waste is stored until it us passed out if the body

44
Q

Large intestine does:

A

Water is removed from the waste

45
Q

Xylem

A

Carries water from the roots and are long thin tubes with strong walls

46
Q

Pholeum

A

Carries glucose from the leaves to all the other plant parts

47
Q

Whats an example of a plant tissue

A

Vascular tissue: allows materials to be transported around plants and contains 2 types of cells

48
Q

Plant organs include ________

A

Roots, stems, leaves.

Science (bio) (1 decks)

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