Science, Atoms, Elements, Periodic Table Flashcards
nucleus
most of the mass of an atom is in the nucleus; the central core of an atom which contains protons and neutrons
neutron
a small particle in the nucleus of an atom; it has no electrical charge; it is neutral
proton
small, positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom
electron
a tiny, negatively charged particle that moves around the outside of the nucleus of an atom; they move in the electron cloud
periodic table
an arrangement of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties
period
a horizontal row (across) of elements in the periodic table
group or family
elements in the same vertical (up and down) column of the periodic table
What four things are found for each element on the periodic table?
1) the atomic number; 2) the chemical symbol; 3) the name of the element; 4) the atomic mass
element
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance
molecule
a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
atom
the smallest particle of an element that can still be considered an element
Dalton’s atomic theory
John Dalton said that * all elements consist of atoms that cannot be divided * all atoms of an element are exactly alike * an atom of one element cannot be changed into an atom of a different element * compounds are formed when atoms of two or more elements combine together
You should be able to draw an atom
(draw)
You should be able to identify the parts of an atom
(identify)
You should be able to identify information of elements on the periodic table
(identify)
You should be able to balance chemical equations using coefficients
(chemical equation)
energy level
the specific amount of energy an electron has
atomic number
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
isotopes
atoms with the same number of protons but with different numbers of neutrons
atomic mass or mass number
the average number of protons and neutrons in an atoms
Mendeleev
he created the first version of the periodic table
chemical symbol
one or two letters that identify an element
metals
Elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat. They are shiny and bendable. They can be hammered into shapes and stretched into thin wire. They are on the left of the periodic table.
Nonmetals
An element that lacks most of the properties of metals. They are poor conductors of electricity and heat. They are dull and brittle. Many are gasses at room temperature. They are on the right of the periodic table.
Metalloids
Metal loads have some properties of metals and some properties of non metals. They are in the middle of the periodic table.
