Science and policy

Question 1

What are the different positions/relationships in science and policy?

Answer 1

Dualist position S - P
Politicized position S < P
Technocratic position S > P
Interactive position S ≈ P

Question 2

What is socially robust science?

Answer 2

1) Credible (reliable)
2) Salient (relevant, appropriate)
3) Legitimate (accepted)

Question 3

What are solutions to uncertainties?

Answer 3

1) increase credibility
- more/better data or models
- analytic reproducibility
2) increase salience
- openness about uncertainties
- transparency: scenario’s
3) increase legitimacy
- public debates, co-design of
research

Question 4

Where in the policy cycle do scientists have a role?

Answer 4

Agenda setting = done by scientists
fomulation = scenario’s, causes and consequences
decision making = lobbying
implementation = policy instruments
evaluation = done by scientists

Question 5

What is the transparency of the policy cycle?

Answer 5

Agenda setting = Very open
fomulation = partly open
decision making = very closed
implementation = open
evaluation = open in theory

Question 6

Explain what the roles of scientist can play in terms of societal dis/consensus and scientific uncertainty.

Answer 6

Societal dissensus/scientific uncertainty = honest broker

Societal dissensus/scientific certainty = science arbiter

Societal consensus/scientific uncertainty = issue advocate

Societal consensus/scientificcertainty = pure scientist

participation expert = process-oriented

Question 7

What are the 3 main policy challenges?

Answer 7

1) technical
2) political
3) operational

Question 8

What is the role of the EU comittee?

Answer 8

Proposing the policy

Question 9

What is the role of the EU parliment in the policy making?

Answer 9

Making the decisions

Question 10

What is the role of the EU?