Science Flashcards
Universal Donor
Type O-
Universal Recipient
Type AB+
Surface Area of a Cylinder
A=2(pi)(r)(h) + 2(pi)(r)^2
Prion
misfolded proteins with the ability to transmit their misfolded shape onto normal variants of the same protein
Interferon
a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses
Diapedesis
passage of blood cells through the intact walls of the capillaries (caused by inflammation)
Islet Alpha Cells
pancreatic islet (endocrine) cells that secrete glucagon
Islet Beta Cells
pancreatic islet (endocrine) cells that secrete insulin
Acinar Cells
pancreatic exocrine cells that make/transport digestive enzymes
Islets of Langerhans
contain alpha, beta, and delta cells of pancreas
Delta Cells
secrete somatostatin
Somatostatin
Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone (GHIH)
Luteinizing Hormone
made by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland, can trigger ovulation
Anterior Pituitary Gland secretes:
PRL, GH, ACTH, LH, FSH, TSH
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
triggers production and release of cortisol from adrenal glands
Posterior Pituitary Gland secretes:
oxytocin and ADH
How many organ systems does the human body have?
11
Which type of muscle filament is considered disorderly?
smooth muscle filaments
Hypophyseal Portal System (Venous Blood Portal System)
connects hypothalamus and anterior pituitary
Gallbladder
stores bile produced by the liver
Myocardium
heart layer with striated muscle fibers for contraction
Structures found underneath each rib in descending order:
vein, artery, nerve
Which has the lowest blood pressure: artery, arteriole, venule, or vein?
vein
Which heart chamber is most muscular?
left ventricle
Which type of immunity is acquired from a vaccine?
active artificial immunity
Bartholin’s Glands
provide lubrication for the vagina
Which gland releases hormones that trigger puberty?
Hypothalamus; it releases GnRH
GnRH
triggers releases of FSH and LH from anterior pituitary
FSH and LH in Males
stimulate Sertoli cells in the testes to facilitate sperm production and interstitial cells of Leydig to release testosterone
FSH and LH in Females
cause estrogen and progesterone to be produced
Chorion
in mammals, helps form the placenta
Eosinophil
either means parasitic infection, allergic reaction, or cancer
T Lymphocytes
directly kill infected host cells, cell-mediated immunity
B Lymphocytes
humoral immunity, secrete antibodies
How many bones in adult skeleton?
206 bones
