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monotheistic religions > science > Flashcards

science Flashcards

1
Q

What is the endocrine system

A
  • a collection of hormone-secreting glands in the body
  • responses are slow though long-lasting
  • responds to stimuli by secreting hormones into blood
  • connected by bloodstream only
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2
Q

what do hormones do

A
  • regulates metabolism, tissue function, sexual function, mood, growth & development.
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3
Q

what is the nervous system responsible for

A
  • in controlling bodily fluids
  • made from a network of nerves & cells transmitting signals to & from the body
  • response can be fast or slow depending on neurons
  • responds by detecting signals from receptors
  • transmits signals through sensory, inter-neurons and motor neurons
  • connected by nerves/cells/neurons
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4
Q

what is the central nervous system

A
  • includes brain & spinal cord
  • control center of body
  • ## processes & responds to all messages from PNS
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5
Q

what is the peripheral nervous system

A
  • autonomic & somatic nervous system + sub parts
  • ## transmits sensory & motor impulses through nerves
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6
Q

what does the somatic nervous system do

A
  • controls voluntary movements

walking, eating a cake, riding a bike

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7
Q

what does the autonomic nervous system do

A
  • controls involuntary movements

heartbeat, breathing, blinking

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8
Q

differences of nervous systems

A
  • CNS consists of inter-neurons, PNS consists of sensory & motor neurons
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9
Q

what are the main parts of the brain

A

Cerebrum , cerebellum, brain stem

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10
Q

what is the brain stem

A
  • base of brain

- responsible for other involuntary actions like heartbeat, digestion & breathing

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11
Q

what is the cerebrum

A
  • largest part of brain

- controls voluntary actions, 5 senses & conscious thoughts

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12
Q

what is the cerebellum

A
  • small part of brain behind cerebrum

- coordinates muscular activity without you having to think about it (involuntary actions)

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13
Q

facts

A
  • neurons are cells that transfer electrical messages

-

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14
Q

what are the types of neurons

A

sensory, motor & inter-neurons

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15
Q

parts of a cell

A

cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, terminal branches of axon

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16
Q

what is the cell body

A

support center/ the cells life

17
Q

define dendrites

A

in charge of receiving messages from other cells

18
Q

define axon

A

passes messages away from cell body to other neurons, muscles or glands from dendrites

19
Q

define myelin sheath

A

covers axons & helps speed neural impulses through axon

20
Q

define terminal branches of axon

A

form junctions

21
Q

define sensory neurons

A
  • transmits detected stimuli

- receptors specialised nervous tissue sensitive to a specific stimuli

22
Q

define motor neurons

A
  • sends impulse from brain & spinal cord to other systems
  • allows body to react to stimuli
23
Q

define inter neurons

A
  • found in brain & spinal cord
  • carry messages from 1 part of CNS to another
  • interconnect the sensory neurons with appropriate motor neurons
24
Q

define receptors

A
  • group of specialised cells detecting change in environment (stimuli) turning into impulses
  • sensitive to 5 senses
25
Q

define effectors

A
  • react to command
26
Q

what is a relfex action

A
  • involuntary actions only going from spinal cord & back through body
  • usually reacting from danger
27
Q

extra parts of brain

A 
right cerebral hemisphere
- perception, decision making, language, consciousness= human experiences
left cerebral hemisphere
- joined with thick bridge of white tissues (corpus calliosum)
pons
- important for attention
medulla oblongata
- houses breathing control centers
28
Q

what is the synapse

A
  • neurons do not touch
  • gap between 2 nerve cells
  • electrical impulse releases chemicals called neurotransmitters transmitting signals across synapse
29
Q

what is a neurotransmitter

A

a chemical messenger which transmits signals across a chemical synaps from one neuron to another target neuron, muscle, gland

30
Q

what is homeostasis

A
  • ability to maintain a constant internal balance in response to change
  • occurs when there is an imbalance in nervous system
  • the balance in our body for negative feedback
31
Q

homeostasis cycle

A

stimulus > sensor > control > effector > negative feedback loop

32
Q

what is the endocrine system made of

A
  • ovaries/testes
  • adrenal glands
  • pancrease
  • thymus
  • thyroid gland
  • pituitary gland
  • hypothalamus
    pineal gland
33
Q

types of diabetes

A 
Type 1
- insulin dependent, more severe
Type 2 
- non-insulin dependent
Diabetes mellitus 
- most common
34
Q

what is diabetes

A
  • when blood glucose is too high

- Insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, helps glucose from food get into your cells to be used for energy

35
Q

define glucagon

A
  • promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver

- increases blood sugar

monotheistic religions (2 decks)

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