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PraxisScience > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

Weathering

A

The disintegration of rock into smaller and smaller fragments

Breaks down and loosens the surface minerals of rock so they can be transported away by agents of erosion such as water, wind and ice

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2
Q

Erosion

A

Process by which surface of Earth gets worn down, caused by natural elements

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3
Q

Volcanoes

A

Opening in Earth’s crust that allows molten rock from beneath the crust to reach the surface

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4
Q

Earthquakes

A

Result of sudden release of stored energy in earth crust that creates seismic waves; caused by plate tectonics

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5
Q

Current

A

Steady flow of one fluid within the body of another

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6
Q

Waves

A

A transfer of energy

Ocean waves: mechanical waves, travels through a medium

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7
Q

Tides

A

Caused by the gravitational pull of the moon

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8
Q

Water cycle

A

The cycling of water in and out of the atmosphere

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9
Q

Evaporation

A

Liquid—> Gas

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10
Q

Condensation

A

Gas —> Liquid

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11
Q

Humidity

A

Presence of water vapor in the atmosphere

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12
Q

Precipitation

A

Rain, snow, sleet or hail - weather condition where something’s falling from the sky

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13
Q

Surface runoff

A

Is water from rain, snowmelt or other resources. Flows over the land surfaces

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14
Q

Clouds

A

Large collection of water drops or ice crystals floating in the sky

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15
Q

Climate

A

Average condition due to temperature, humidity and other meteorological elements in an area of Earths surface

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16
Q

Weather

A

Day to day condition of the atmosphere

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17
Q

Rock Cycle

A

Model that describes the formation, breakdown and reformation of a rock.

Igneous -> Sedimentary -> Metamorphic -> Magma

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18
Q

Igneous Rock

A

Cooling and solidification of magma or lava

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19
Q

Sedimentary Rock

A

Formed by accumulation or deposition of small particles

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20
Q

Metamorphic Rocks

A

Transform from existing rock types; by heat and pressure

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21
Q

Carbon Cycle

A

Carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere of the Earth.

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22
Q

Nitrogen Cycle

A

Nitrogen passes successively from air to soil to organisms and back to air or soil

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23
Q

Minerals

A

Formed by the break down of large rocks: iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium etc.

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24
Q

Organic minerals

A

Any compound containing carbon and organic acids

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25
Q

Living organisms

A

Composed of cells; shows process of growth

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26
Q

Water & air

A

Critical resources at the heart of adaptation to and mitigation of climate change

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27
Q

Nutrients

A

Substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life

28
Q

Ecology

A

Relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings

29
Q

Living systems

A

Self organizing systems that have a special characteristic of life

30
Q

Parts of cell

A

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
DNA

31
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment

32
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane

33
Q

Ribosomes

A

Makes protein

34
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Process where sunlight synthesizes foods from carbon dioxide and water

35
Q

Respiration

A

Process in living organisms involving the production of energy; intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide

36
Q

Transpiration

A

Moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves

37
Q

Homeostasis

A

Regulation of internal stimulus

38
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Cells that contain a nucleus

Plants
Animals
Protists
Fungi

39
Q

Prokaryotic

A

Unicellular organism that lacks a membrane bound nucleus

Bacteria

40
Q

Matter

A

Physical substance that possess mass

41
Q

Motion

A

The sum of forces acting on it

42
Q

Force

A

Push and pull

43
Q

Energy transformation

A

Energy changing from one form to another

44
Q

Physical properties

A

Color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density

45
Q

Conservation of matter

A

The mass of a system must remain constant over time

46
Q

Chemical change

A

Result of chemical reaction: burning, cooking, rusting and rotting

47
Q

Physical change

A

Matter changes forms but not chemical changes: boiling, melting, freezing, shredding

48
Q

Mixtures

A

Substance made by combining two or more different materials

49
Q

Solutions

A

Special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances

50
Q

Atoms

A

Smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that constitutes a chemical element

51
Q

Elements

A

Species of atom having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei

52
Q

Molecules

A

Group of atoms bonded together

53
Q

Compound

A

Composed two or more separate elements; a mixture

54
Q

Newton’s 3 Laws of motion

A
  1. Objects in motion tend to stay in motion and objects at rest tend to stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
  2. Force equals mass times acceleration
  3. Every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
55
Q

Potential energy

A

Energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself

56
Q

Kinetic

A

Energy which a body possesses by virtue of being in motion

57
Q

Sound waves

A

Longitudinal pressure vibration set in motion by any event that generates energy

58
Q

Light waves

A

Electromagnetic wave

59
Q

Infrared waves

A

Energy that is emitted when something is hot

60
Q

Planet Order

A

MVEMJSUN

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

61
Q

Asteroid

A

Small planets of the inner solar system

62
Q

Meteoroid

A

Small rocky or metallic body in outer space/smaller than asteroid

63
Q

Lunar cycle

A

Phases of moon visible from earth

64
Q

Air mass

A

Air has similar properties throughout

65
Q

Front

A

Boundary between two air masses

66
Q

Cold front

A

Cold air moves in under a warm air mass; brings brief heavy storms usually cooler and drier after storm

67
Q

Warm front

A

Warm air moves under cold air; brings light steady rain/snow

PraxisScience (2 decks)

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