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Science Flashcards

1
Q

Weathering

A

The disintegration of rock into smaller and smaller fragments

Breaks down and loosens the surface minerals of rock so they can be transported away by agents of erosion such as water, wind and ice

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2
Q

Erosion

A

Process by which surface of Earth gets worn down, caused by natural elements

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3
Q

Volcanoes

A

Opening in Earth’s crust that allows molten rock from beneath the crust to reach the surface

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4
Q

Earthquakes

A

Result of sudden release of stored energy in earth crust that creates seismic waves; caused by plate tectonics

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5
Q

Current

A

Steady flow of one fluid within the body of another

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6
Q

Waves

A

A transfer of energy

Ocean waves: mechanical waves, travels through a medium

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7
Q

Tides

A

Caused by the gravitational pull of the moon

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8
Q

Water cycle

A

The cycling of water in and out of the atmosphere

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9
Q

Evaporation

A

Liquid—> Gas

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10
Q

Condensation

A

Gas —> Liquid

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11
Q

Humidity

A

Presence of water vapor in the atmosphere

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12
Q

Precipitation

A

Rain, snow, sleet or hail - weather condition where something’s falling from the sky

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13
Q

Surface runoff

A

Is water from rain, snowmelt or other resources. Flows over the land surfaces

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14
Q

Clouds

A

Large collection of water drops or ice crystals floating in the sky

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15
Q

Climate

A

Average condition due to temperature, humidity and other meteorological elements in an area of Earths surface

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16
Q

Weather

A

Day to day condition of the atmosphere

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17
Q

Rock Cycle

A

Model that describes the formation, breakdown and reformation of a rock.

Igneous -> Sedimentary -> Metamorphic -> Magma

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18
Q

Igneous Rock

A

Cooling and solidification of magma or lava

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19
Q

Sedimentary Rock

A

Formed by accumulation or deposition of small particles

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20
Q

Metamorphic Rocks

A

Transform from existing rock types; by heat and pressure

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21
Q

Carbon Cycle

A

Carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere of the Earth.

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22
Q

Nitrogen Cycle

A

Nitrogen passes successively from air to soil to organisms and back to air or soil

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23
Q

Minerals

A

Formed by the break down of large rocks: iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium etc.

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24
Q

Organic minerals

A

Any compound containing carbon and organic acids

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25
Living organisms
Composed of cells; shows process of growth
26
Water & air
Critical resources at the heart of adaptation to and mitigation of climate change
27
Nutrients
Substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life
28
Ecology
Relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings
29
Living systems
Self organizing systems that have a special characteristic of life
30
Parts of cell
Plasma membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes DNA
31
Plasma membrane
Separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment
32
Cytoplasm
Thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane
33
Ribosomes
Makes protein
34
Photosynthesis
Process where sunlight synthesizes foods from carbon dioxide and water
35
Respiration
Process in living organisms involving the production of energy; intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide
36
Transpiration
Moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves
37
Homeostasis
Regulation of internal stimulus
38
Eukaryotic
Cells that contain a nucleus Plants Animals Protists Fungi
39
Prokaryotic
Unicellular organism that lacks a membrane bound nucleus Bacteria
40
Matter
Physical substance that possess mass
41
Motion
The sum of forces acting on it
42
Force
Push and pull
43
Energy transformation
Energy changing from one form to another
44
Physical properties
Color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density
45
Conservation of matter
The mass of a system must remain constant over time
46
Chemical change
Result of chemical reaction: burning, cooking, rusting and rotting
47
Physical change
Matter changes forms but not chemical changes: boiling, melting, freezing, shredding
48
Mixtures
Substance made by combining two or more different materials
49
Solutions
Special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances
50
Atoms
Smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that constitutes a chemical element
51
Elements
Species of atom having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei
52
Molecules
Group of atoms bonded together
53
Compound
Composed two or more separate elements; a mixture
54
Newton’s 3 Laws of motion
1. Objects in motion tend to stay in motion and objects at rest tend to stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force 2. Force equals mass times acceleration 3. Every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
55
Potential energy
Energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself
56
Kinetic
Energy which a body possesses by virtue of being in motion
57
Sound waves
Longitudinal pressure vibration set in motion by any event that generates energy
58
Light waves
Electromagnetic wave
59
Infrared waves
Energy that is emitted when something is hot
60
Planet Order
MVEMJSUN Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
61
Asteroid
Small planets of the inner solar system
62
Meteoroid
Small rocky or metallic body in outer space/smaller than asteroid
63
Lunar cycle
Phases of moon visible from earth
64
Air mass
Air has similar properties throughout
65
Front
Boundary between two air masses
66
Cold front
Cold air moves in under a warm air mass; brings brief heavy storms usually cooler and drier after storm
67
Warm front
Warm air moves under cold air; brings light steady rain/snow

PraxisScience (2 decks)

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