Science 7th Grade Notes

Question 1

Inference

Answer 1

A conclusion based on logic and reasoning.

Example: She made an inference about the weather based on the dark clouds.

Question 2

Observation

Answer 2

Information gathered using the 5 senses.

Example: His observation of the plants helped him understand their growth.

Question 3

Matter

Answer 3

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Example: The table is made of matter because it has mass and occupies space.

Question 4

Volume

Answer 4

The amount of space something takes up.

Example: The volume of the container is measured in milliliters.

Question 5

Density

Answer 5

Mass per unit volume.

Example: The density of the rock is calculated by dividing its mass by its volume.

Question 6

Dependent Variable

Answer 6

The variable that you are measuring.

Example: In the experiment, the dependent variable was the temperature of the water.

Question 7

Variable

Answer 7

Anything that can change in an experiment.

Example: The speed of the car is a variable that can change during the experiment.

Question 8

Scientific Method

Answer 8

A process for solving problems.

Example: The scientist followed the scientific method to conduct the experiment.

Question 9

Constant

Answer 9

Something that stays the same during an experiment.

Example: The temperature of the room was kept constant throughout the experiment.

Question 10

Independent Variable

Answer 10

The variable that you are changing.

Example: The independent variable in the study was the amount of sunlight exposure.

Question 11

Control

Answer 11

The part that doesn’t get the experiment.

Example: The control group did not receive the new medication in the clinical trial.

Question 12

Mass

Answer 12

The amount of matter in an object.

Example: The mass of the apple was measured in grams.

Question 13

Three parts of cell theory

Answer 13

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
All cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Question 14

Photosynthesis

Answer 14

V

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar/gluclose

Question 15

Organization of life

Answer 15

Organization of life
Cells -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism
Tissue - a group of cell that have the same job
Organ - a group of tissues that work together to perform a function
Organ system - a group of organs working together to perform a function
Organism - a group of organ systems that make a living thing

Question 16

How Do Chloroplasts Capture Energy from the Sun?

Answer 16

How Do Chloroplasts Capture Energy from the Sun?
Plant cells and some algae contain an organelle called the chloroplast. Chloroplasts are concentrated in the leaves of plants and allow plants to harvest energy from sunlight, a process caled photosynthesis. Pigments in the chloroplasts absorb sunlight and use this energy to combine carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and oxygen. The complete reaction is

Question 17

Glucose

Answer 17

Plant cells can use this process to manufacture glucose, a simple sugar. Some of the glucose is used immediately for cellular respiration, where it is converted to a high energy compound called, ATP. You might recall from studies of the cell, that the process of creating ATP occurs in the mitochondria. Glucose that is not used right away can form long chains called carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are long term energy storage, like potatoes and beans. All autotrophs can make their own food in this way, unlike heterotrophs, which must consume food. When you eat a potato,you are eating the carbohydrates that the plant created from sunlight.

Question 18

Formula for photosynthesis

Answer 18

6co2 + 6H2o + energy

Question 19

What is glucose formula

Answer 19

C o H 12 o 6 + 6o2