Science 7th Grade Notes Flashcards
Inference
A conclusion based on logic and reasoning.
Example: She made an inference about the weather based on the dark clouds.
Observation
Information gathered using the 5 senses.
Example: His observation of the plants helped him understand their growth.
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Example: The table is made of matter because it has mass and occupies space.
Volume
The amount of space something takes up.
Example: The volume of the container is measured in milliliters.
Density
Mass per unit volume.
Example: The density of the rock is calculated by dividing its mass by its volume.
Dependent Variable
The variable that you are measuring.
Example: In the experiment, the dependent variable was the temperature of the water.
Variable
Anything that can change in an experiment.
Example: The speed of the car is a variable that can change during the experiment.
Scientific Method
A process for solving problems.
Example: The scientist followed the scientific method to conduct the experiment.
Constant
Something that stays the same during an experiment.
Example: The temperature of the room was kept constant throughout the experiment.
Independent Variable
The variable that you are changing.
Example: The independent variable in the study was the amount of sunlight exposure.
Control
The part that doesn’t get the experiment.
Example: The control group did not receive the new medication in the clinical trial.
Mass
The amount of matter in an object.
Example: The mass of the apple was measured in grams.
Three parts of cell theory
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Photosynthesis
V
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar/gluclose
Organization of life
Organization of life
Cells -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism
Tissue - a group of cell that have the same job
Organ - a group of tissues that work together to perform a function
Organ system - a group of organs working together to perform a function
Organism - a group of organ systems that make a living thing
How Do Chloroplasts Capture Energy from the Sun?
How Do Chloroplasts Capture Energy from the Sun?
Plant cells and some algae contain an organelle called the chloroplast. Chloroplasts are concentrated in the leaves of plants and allow plants to harvest energy from sunlight, a process caled photosynthesis. Pigments in the chloroplasts absorb sunlight and use this energy to combine carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and oxygen. The complete reaction is
Glucose
Plant cells can use this process to manufacture glucose, a simple sugar. Some of the glucose is used immediately for cellular respiration, where it is converted to a high energy compound called, ATP. You might recall from studies of the cell, that the process of creating ATP occurs in the mitochondria. Glucose that is not used right away can form long chains called carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are long term energy storage, like potatoes and beans. All autotrophs can make their own food in this way, unlike heterotrophs, which must consume food. When you eat a potato,you are eating the carbohydrates that the plant created from sunlight.
Formula for photosynthesis
6co2 + 6H2o + energy
What is glucose formula
C o H 12 o 6 + 6o2
