Science 7 mastery

Question 1

What is the function of the eyepiece in a microscope?

Answer 1

To magnify the image of the specimen.

Question 2

Which part of the microscope controls the amount of light that reaches the specimen?

Answer 2

The diaphragm.

Question 3

True or False: The coarse adjustment knob is used for precise focusing.

Answer 3

False.

Question 4

What is the purpose of the objective lenses?

Answer 4

To provide different levels of magnification.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the part of the microscope that supports the slide.

Answer 5

stage.

Question 6

What is mitosis?

Answer 6

The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.

Question 7

List the phases of mitosis in order.

Answer 7

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

Question 8

What is the main purpose of meiosis?

Answer 8

To produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes.

Question 9

True or False: Meiosis results in four genetically identical cells.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of chromosome number?

Answer 10

It reduces the chromosome number by half.

Question 11

What type of reproduction involves two parents?

Answer 11

Sexual reproduction.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are __________ to the parent.

Answer 12

genetically identical.

Question 13

Which type of reproduction allows for greater genetic diversity?

Answer 13

Sexual reproduction.

Question 14

What is binary fission?

Answer 14

A form of asexual reproduction in which a single organism divides into two parts.

Question 15

True or False: Budding is a form of sexual reproduction.

Answer 15

False.

Question 16

Which reproductive process involves the fusion of gametes?

Answer 16

Fertilization.

Question 17

What is crossing over?

Answer 17

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Question 18

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 18

Chromosomes that are similar in shape, size, and genetic content.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: In asexual reproduction, the offspring are produced from a __________ parent.

Answer 19

single.

Question 20

What is the role of spindle fibers during mitosis?

Answer 20

To separate the chromosomes during cell division.

Question 21

Name one advantage of asexual reproduction.

Answer 21

It allows for rapid population growth.

Question 22

What occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Answer 22

Chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down.

Question 23

What is the function of the cell membrane during cell division?

Answer 23

To ensure that the contents of the cell remain intact during division.

Question 24

True or False: The end result of meiosis is two haploid cells.

Answer 24

False.

Question 25

What is the term for the initial cell that undergoes meiosis?

Answer 25

Germ cell.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: A __________ is a reproductive cell that can unite with another to form a new organism.

Answer 26

gamete.

Question 27

What is the significance of telophase in mitosis?

Answer 27

It marks the end of cell division and the reformation of the nuclear envelope.

Question 28

What happens during anaphase?

Answer 28

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 29

What is the primary purpose of sexual reproduction?

Answer 29

To increase genetic variation in a population.

Question 30

True or False: Mitosis occurs in somatic cells.

Answer 30

True.

Question 31

What is a zygote?

Answer 31

The fertilized egg that results from the fusion of two gametes.

Question 32

What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Answer 32

Haploid cells have one set of chromosomes, while diploid cells have two sets.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: During __________, homologous chromosomes align at the cell's equator.

Answer 33

metaphase I.

Question 34

What is sexual selection?

Answer 34

A natural selection process where certain traits increase mating success.

Question 35

What is the role of the centriole during cell division?

Answer 35

To organize the spindle fibers.

Question 36

True or False: Asexual reproduction can occur in multicellular organisms.

Answer 36

True.

Question 37

What is regeneration in terms of asexual reproduction?

Answer 37

The ability of an organism to regrow lost body parts.

Question 38

What are gametes?

Answer 38

Reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) that unite during fertilization.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: The __________ is a structure that holds together sister chromatids.

Answer 39

centromere.

Question 40

What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 40

Mitosis produces two identical cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse cells.

Question 41

True or False: Asexual reproduction requires the exchange of genetic material.

Answer 41

False.

Question 42

What is a clone?

Answer 42

An organism that is genetically identical to its parent.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: The __________ phase is when the cell prepares for division by replicating its DNA.

Answer 43

S phase.

Question 44

What is independent assortment?

Answer 44

The random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes during meiosis.

Question 45

What is the role of cytokinesis?

Answer 45

To divide the cytoplasm and organelles between the two daughter cells.

Question 46

What type of organism primarily reproduces asexually?

Answer 46

Bacteria.

Question 47

Fill in the blank: In sexual reproduction, offspring inherit traits from __________ parents.

Answer 47

two.

Question 48

What is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction?

Answer 48

Increased genetic variation.

Question 49

What is the end result of mitosis in terms of cell number?

Answer 49

Two identical daughter cells.

Question 50

True or False: Mitosis includes two rounds of cell division.

Answer 50

False.