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year 8 > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

Order of digestive system

A 
Mouth 
Salivary glands
Oesophagus 
Liver
Stomach
Gall bladder
Pancreas
Appendix
Small intestine
Large intestine 
Rectum
Anus
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2
Q

Mouth

A

Food is chewed and mixed with saliva
Teeth chew food makes smaller
Tongue pushes food down throat
Saliva has enzymes they break up food

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3
Q

Oesophagus

A

Food passes down this tube on the way to the stomach
Muscle helps push food down and up
Stop chocking by expanding and shrinking

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4
Q

Stomach

A

Food is mixed with enzymes and acid
Helps break up food
Stomach expands when too much food has been digested so they aren’t sick

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5
Q

Small intestine

A 
Small molecules pass through the intestine wall into the blood 
Thin walls 
Villi pushes food along
Increases surface area 
Enzymes
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6
Q

Large intestine

A

Water is passed back into the body

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7
Q

Rectum

A

Faces is stored here

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8
Q

Anus

A

Where faces are passed out of the body

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9
Q

balanced diet names

A 
Carbohydrates
Protein
Lipids
Fibre
Minerals
Water
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10
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Bread potatoes cereals

Fuels for energy

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11
Q

Protein

A

Meat eggs fish
Growth
repair damage areas
Building cells

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12
Q

Lipids

A

Butter cooking oil cream
Store of energy
Uses when body run out of carbohydrates

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13
Q

Fibre

A

Vegetables fruit cereal

Keeps digestive system healthy

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14
Q

Vitamins

A

Vegetables fruit cereals

Keeps vital processes happening

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15
Q

Minerals

A

Iron -meat- for blood
Calcium - milk - for teeth bones
Sodium - salt - for nerves
Iodine - seafood - Thyroid in the neck

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16
Q

Water

A

Water soup
75% of the body is water
All chemical reactions take place in water

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17
Q

Scurvy

A 
Lack of vitamin c
Cannot produce collagen
Tissues will break down 
Tired miserable painful limbs 
Red blue spots
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18
Q

Anaemia

A

Lack of iron
Decreased production of red blood cells
Tiredness breathlessness faint headaches hearing sounds from inside body

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19
Q

Rickets

A 
Lack of vitamin d or calcium
Soft weak children bones 
Bone deformities 
Pain different walk 
Dental problems poor growth
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20
Q

Kwashiorkor

A 
Lack of protein vitamins minerals
Loss of muscle mass 
Enlarged tummy 
Red patches of skin peel or split
Brittle hair 
Cracked nails
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21
Q

Respiratory system names

A 
Trachea 
Ribs
Bronchi
Bronchioles 
Alveoli
Diaphragm 
Intercostal muscles
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22
Q

Trachea

A

Cartilage rings that stay open even when we move so we don’t choke
Carries air from mouth and nose to lungs

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23
Q

Ribs

A

Bones which surround the lungs to for the ribcage

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24
Q

Bronchi

A

Two tubes that carry air to the lungs

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25
Q

Bronchioles

A

Small tubes in the lungs that have alveolus on the end

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26
Q

Alveoli

A

Small air sacs found at the end of each bronchioles

Good blood supply and large surface area do you can get as much oxygen in the blood as possible

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27
Q

Diaphragm

A

Sheet of muscle found underneath the lungs

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28
Q

First periodic table guy

A

Döbereiner triads
1829
Recognised triads of elements with chemically similar properties showed that the properties of the middle element could be predicted from the properties of the other two

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29
Q

Second periodic table guy

A 
Newland octaves
1864
Similarities between elements with atomic weights that differed by 7
No gaps left 
Cram two element in one box
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30
Q

Thirds periodic table guy

A

Mendeleev periodic table
1869
Increasing atomic weight
Wrote them on card and arranged and rearranged them

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31
Q

Groups

A

Go down

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32
Q

Periods

A

Go along

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33
Q

Group 1

As you go down the metals get

A

More reactive
Softer and easier to cut
Melting point decreases
Boiling point decreases

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34
Q

Metal +water —>

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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35
Q

Group 7

As you go down the metals get

A

Less reactive
Melting point increases
Boiling point increases

36
Q

Group 0/8

As you go down elements get

A

More reactive
Melting point increases
Boing point increases

37
Q

What is a compound

A

Substance made up of two or more different elements chemically combined together

38
Q

What is a molecule

A

Group of two or more atoms strongly joined together

39
Q

Magnesium + nitrogen —>

A

Magnesium nitride

40
Q

Magnesium + nitrogen + oxygen —>

A

Magnesium nitrate

41
Q

What is a composite material

A

Mixture of materials

42
Q

Cigarettes contain ? Different chemicals

A

4,000

43
Q

Two types of chemicals in cigarettes

A

Nicotine
Tobacco smoke
Increase heart rate

Carbon monoxide
Reduces oxygen

44
Q

What does smoking do

A

Increases blood pressure by increasing heart rate

Increase the chance of heart disease

45
Q

Where does photosynthesis happen

A

In palisade cells in chloroplast in chlorophyll

46
Q

Word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water —> oxygen + glucose

47
Q

Chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6 H12 O6 + 6O2

48
Q

Parts in a cell with description

A 
Nucleus
Controls what happens in the cell
Cell wall
Supports cell
Chloroplast 
Where Photosynthesis happens
Vacuole
Contains cell sap
Cytoplasm
Where chemical reactions happen
Cell membrane 
Controls what enter and exits cell
49
Q

Advantages of a plant

A 
Veins 
Spongy mesophyll 
Palisade cells
Cuticle
Epidermis 
Guard cells
Stomata
50
Q

Veins

A

Carry water mineral glucose to parts of the plant

51
Q

Spongy mesophyll

A

Let’s carbon dioxide diffuse through to the palisade cells

52
Q

Palisade cells

A

Where chloroplasts are
Where chlorophyll are
Where photosynthesis happens

53
Q

Cuticle

A

Layer of wax that prevents water loss by evaporation

Clear to let light in

54
Q

Epidermas

A

Top bottom

Clear to let light in

55
Q

Guard cell

A

Open and close stomata to prevent carbon dioxide loss

56
Q

Stomata

A

Tiny holes that let carbon dioxide in and oxygen out

57
Q

What is pressure

A

A measurement of how much force is applied to a certain area

58
Q

Pressure equation

A

Pressure (N/m^2) = force (N)

Area (m^2)

59
Q

What can pressure do

A

Compress
Break
Scratch

60
Q

Pressure in gas

A

Particle hit off wall and each other causing pressure

61
Q

When a balloon is put in the fridge

A

The balloon shrinks

Loose energy

62
Q

When a balloon is heated

A

Particles get more energy and balloon expands

63
Q

Pressure in liquids

A

Water molecules put pressure on each other

64
Q

More pressure when in a glass of water

A

At the bottom

65
Q

Liquid pressure produces what

A

Upthrust which is why objects float

66
Q

What is mass

A

Amount of stuff inside an objects

Kg or g

67
Q

Weight meaning

A

Force of gravity on an object and it is a force it is measured in Newtons

68
Q

Forces

A

Upthrust
Air resistance. Thrust
Weight

69
Q

What is an orbit

A

A path

70
Q

Opposite magnets

A

Attract

71
Q

Like magnets

A

Repel

72
Q

What is an electromagnet

A

Created when electricity is passed through a wire which is wrapped around a metal core

73
Q

Can electromagnets be turned on and off?

A

Yes

74
Q

How to make an electromagnet stronger

A

Larger current
More wire
Stronger core

75
Q

Complete combustion word equation

A

Fuel + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water

76
Q

I’m complete combustion word equation

A

Fuel + not a lot of oxygen —> soot (carbon) + carbon monoxide + water

77
Q

Colbart chloride paper

A

Turns from blue to pink when there is water

78
Q

Limewater

A

Turns from clear to

Cloudy when carbon dioxide is there

79
Q

Conduction

A

Transfer thermal energy by vibrations of particles in a solid

80
Q

Gas and liquids are

A

Poor conductors

81
Q

Radiation

A

Transfer of thermal energy in a gas

82
Q

Alpha

A

Only traces few cm

Stopped by sheet of paper

83
Q

Beta

A

Tens of cm

Stopped by few mm of aluminium

84
Q

Gamma

A

Many m

Few cm of lead or metres of concrete

85
Q

Why

Less intense the further away from radioactive material

A

Particles become more spread out

86
Q

Convection

A

Transfer of thermal energy in a fluid

year 8 (8 decks)

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