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year 8 > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

Order of digestive system

A 
Mouth 
Salivary glands
Oesophagus 
Liver
Stomach
Gall bladder
Pancreas
Appendix
Small intestine
Large intestine 
Rectum
Anus
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2
Q

Mouth

A

Food is chewed and mixed with saliva
Teeth chew food makes smaller
Tongue pushes food down throat
Saliva has enzymes they break up food

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3
Q

Oesophagus

A

Food passes down this tube on the way to the stomach
Muscle helps push food down and up
Stop chocking by expanding and shrinking

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4
Q

Stomach

A

Food is mixed with enzymes and acid
Helps break up food
Stomach expands when too much food has been digested so they aren’t sick

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5
Q

Small intestine

A 
Small molecules pass through the intestine wall into the blood 
Thin walls 
Villi pushes food along
Increases surface area 
Enzymes
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6
Q

Large intestine

A

Water is passed back into the body

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7
Q

Rectum

A

Faces is stored here

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8
Q

Anus

A

Where faces are passed out of the body

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9
Q

balanced diet names

A 
Carbohydrates
Protein
Lipids
Fibre
Minerals
Water
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10
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Bread potatoes cereals

Fuels for energy

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11
Q

Protein

A

Meat eggs fish
Growth
repair damage areas
Building cells

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12
Q

Lipids

A

Butter cooking oil cream
Store of energy
Uses when body run out of carbohydrates

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13
Q

Fibre

A

Vegetables fruit cereal

Keeps digestive system healthy

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14
Q

Vitamins

A

Vegetables fruit cereals

Keeps vital processes happening

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15
Q

Minerals

A

Iron -meat- for blood
Calcium - milk - for teeth bones
Sodium - salt - for nerves
Iodine - seafood - Thyroid in the neck

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16
Q

Water

A

Water soup
75% of the body is water
All chemical reactions take place in water

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17
Q

Scurvy

A 
Lack of vitamin c
Cannot produce collagen
Tissues will break down 
Tired miserable painful limbs 
Red blue spots
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18
Q

Anaemia

A

Lack of iron
Decreased production of red blood cells
Tiredness breathlessness faint headaches hearing sounds from inside body

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19
Q

Rickets

A 
Lack of vitamin d or calcium
Soft weak children bones 
Bone deformities 
Pain different walk 
Dental problems poor growth
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20
Q

Kwashiorkor

A 
Lack of protein vitamins minerals
Loss of muscle mass 
Enlarged tummy 
Red patches of skin peel or split
Brittle hair 
Cracked nails
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21
Q

Respiratory system names

A 
Trachea 
Ribs
Bronchi
Bronchioles 
Alveoli
Diaphragm 
Intercostal muscles
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22
Q

Trachea

A

Cartilage rings that stay open even when we move so we don’t choke
Carries air from mouth and nose to lungs

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23
Q

Ribs

A

Bones which surround the lungs to for the ribcage

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24
Q

Bronchi

A

Two tubes that carry air to the lungs

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25
Bronchioles
Small tubes in the lungs that have alveolus on the end
26
Alveoli
Small air sacs found at the end of each bronchioles | Good blood supply and large surface area do you can get as much oxygen in the blood as possible
27
Diaphragm
Sheet of muscle found underneath the lungs
28
First periodic table guy
Döbereiner triads 1829 Recognised triads of elements with chemically similar properties showed that the properties of the middle element could be predicted from the properties of the other two
29
Second periodic table guy
``` Newland octaves 1864 Similarities between elements with atomic weights that differed by 7 No gaps left Cram two element in one box ```
30
Thirds periodic table guy
Mendeleev periodic table 1869 Increasing atomic weight Wrote them on card and arranged and rearranged them
31
Groups
Go down
32
Periods
Go along
33
Group 1 | As you go down the metals get
More reactive Softer and easier to cut Melting point decreases Boiling point decreases
34
Metal +water —>
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
35
Group 7 | As you go down the metals get
Less reactive Melting point increases Boiling point increases
36
Group 0/8 | As you go down elements get
More reactive Melting point increases Boing point increases
37
What is a compound
Substance made up of two or more different elements chemically combined together
38
What is a molecule
Group of two or more atoms strongly joined together
39
Magnesium + nitrogen —>
Magnesium nitride
40
Magnesium + nitrogen + oxygen —>
Magnesium nitrate
41
What is a composite material
Mixture of materials
42
Cigarettes contain ? Different chemicals
4,000
43
Two types of chemicals in cigarettes
Nicotine Tobacco smoke Increase heart rate Carbon monoxide Reduces oxygen
44
What does smoking do
Increases blood pressure by increasing heart rate | Increase the chance of heart disease
45
Where does photosynthesis happen
In palisade cells in chloroplast in chlorophyll
46
Word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water —> oxygen + glucose
47
Chemical equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6 H12 O6 + 6O2
48
Parts in a cell with description
``` Nucleus Controls what happens in the cell Cell wall Supports cell Chloroplast Where Photosynthesis happens Vacuole Contains cell sap Cytoplasm Where chemical reactions happen Cell membrane Controls what enter and exits cell ```
49
Advantages of a plant
``` Veins Spongy mesophyll Palisade cells Cuticle Epidermis Guard cells Stomata ```
50
Veins
Carry water mineral glucose to parts of the plant
51
Spongy mesophyll
Let’s carbon dioxide diffuse through to the palisade cells
52
Palisade cells
Where chloroplasts are Where chlorophyll are Where photosynthesis happens
53
Cuticle
Layer of wax that prevents water loss by evaporation | Clear to let light in
54
Epidermas
Top bottom | Clear to let light in
55
Guard cell
Open and close stomata to prevent carbon dioxide loss
56
Stomata
Tiny holes that let carbon dioxide in and oxygen out
57
What is pressure
A measurement of how much force is applied to a certain area
58
Pressure equation
Pressure (N/m^2) = force (N) | Area (m^2)
59
What can pressure do
Compress Break Scratch
60
Pressure in gas
Particle hit off wall and each other causing pressure
61
When a balloon is put in the fridge
The balloon shrinks | Loose energy
62
When a balloon is heated
Particles get more energy and balloon expands
63
Pressure in liquids
Water molecules put pressure on each other
64
More pressure when in a glass of water
At the bottom
65
Liquid pressure produces what
Upthrust which is why objects float
66
What is mass
Amount of stuff inside an objects | Kg or g
67
Weight meaning
Force of gravity on an object and it is a force it is measured in Newtons
68
Forces
Upthrust Air resistance. Thrust Weight
69
What is an orbit
A path
70
Opposite magnets
Attract
71
Like magnets
Repel
72
What is an electromagnet
Created when electricity is passed through a wire which is wrapped around a metal core
73
Can electromagnets be turned on and off?
Yes
74
How to make an electromagnet stronger
Larger current More wire Stronger core
75
Complete combustion word equation
Fuel + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water
76
I’m complete combustion word equation
Fuel + not a lot of oxygen —> soot (carbon) + carbon monoxide + water
77
Colbart chloride paper
Turns from blue to pink when there is water
78
Limewater
Turns from clear to | Cloudy when carbon dioxide is there
79
Conduction
Transfer thermal energy by vibrations of particles in a solid
80
Gas and liquids are
Poor conductors
81
Radiation
Transfer of thermal energy in a gas
82
Alpha
Only traces few cm | Stopped by sheet of paper
83
Beta
Tens of cm | Stopped by few mm of aluminium
84
Gamma
Many m | Few cm of lead or metres of concrete
85
Why | Less intense the further away from radioactive material
Particles become more spread out
86
Convection
Transfer of thermal energy in a fluid

year 8 (8 decks)

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