Science Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
Mechanism that is involved in the regulation of internal environment
Limits of the human body in temperature, blood glucose, CO2 concentration and Ph levels:
Temperature(36-38) Blood glucose (75-95 mg/dL) CO2 concentration (35-45mmHg) PH levels( 7.35-7.45)
What are the systems that have a important role in homeostasis by monitoring levels?
Nervous and endocrine system
What is negative feedback?
Is the most common and important mechanism to regulate physiological process. It helps to return a system to a set point once it deviates sufficiently from that set point
Example of homeostasis:
Thermoregulation
Part of the brain that helps to regulate the temperature?
Hypothalamus
When body temperature rises…?
Metabolic rate falls
Sweating(evaporation of water)
Decrease muscle activity
Body hair sticks to the body
When body temperature falls..?
Metabolic rate increase
Body hair bristles
Increase muscle activitiy
Shivering(involuntary)
When the body glucose levels are high, what does the pancreas release?
Insulin
When blood levels are low, what does pancreas release?
Glucagon
Levels of organization of the human body:
Chemical Cellular Tissue Organ System/apparatus Organism/ individual
What is a tissue?
Group of similar cells joined by a matrix, which performs a specific function
What are the 4 types of tissues?
Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous
Function of epithelial tissue:
Protects, absorbs, excrete, secrete, sensation. Barrier that selectively regulates the exchange of products
Function of connective tissue:
Connects, supports and protects organs
Function of muscular tissue:
Contributes to the motion, mantains corporal posture, keeps heat in the body.
Function ofnervous tissue:
Starts and transmits nervous impulses
Examples of epithelial tissue:
Skin surface
Lining of gastrointestinal tract organs
Examples of connective tissue:
Dermis Tendons and ligaments Bones and cartilage Adipose and cartilage Blood
Examples of muscular tissue:
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Examples of nervous tissue:
Neurons and nerves
What is a organ?
Is made up of tissues that work together to perform a specific activity
What is a system/apparatus?
Groups of two or more organs that work together to perform a specific function for the organism.
But system has homogeneous organs and apparatus has heterogeneous organs
What’s the function and what are the organs of intergumentary system?
Protects, regulates temperature
Skin, hair, nails, glands(sweat, and sebaceous)
