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CSET Multiple Subject - Subtest 2: Science and Math > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

Evapotranspiration

A

Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil

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2
Q

Canopy interception

A

The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually of operates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground

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3
Q

Snowmelt

A

The run off produced by melting snow

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4
Q

Runoff

A

The variety of ways by which water moves across the land. Includes surface and channel run off

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5
Q

Percolation

A

The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground, becoming groundwater

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6
Q

Subsurface flow

A

The flow of water underground, in the vadose zone and aquifers

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7
Q

Sublimation

A

This date change where solid (ice or snow) changes directly to gas water (vapor)

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8
Q

Condensation

A

The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air, producing clouds and fog

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9
Q

Differential heating

A

Motive force behind land breezes and sea breezes

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10
Q

Valley breezes

A

There is temperature inequality between a mountain and a valley

Air rises off of the slopes out of the valleys to replace it

Upslope wind

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11
Q

Mountain breezes

A

Occur as valleys radiate heat

Cooled peaks transport air into the valley

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12
Q

El Nino

A

Sea surface temperature abnormal in the Pacific

Warm current replace is cold surface water of Humboldt Current

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13
Q

La Niña

A

Unusually cold temperatures in eastern Pacific

Atlantic tropical cyclone is enhanced

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14
Q

Estuary

A

A coastal body of water, partly surrounded by land with access to the open ocean and large supply of fresh water from the river

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15
Q

Semidiurnal tides

A

Two low tides and two high tides daily

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16
Q

Diurnal tides

A

One high tide, one low daily

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17
Q

Tide at new/full moon

A

Tides range is at a maximum, spring tide

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18
Q

Tied at first and third quarter moon

A

Neat Tide, sun and moon separated at 90° (from earth view), sun canceled moon, lowest range

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19
Q

Kilo

A

Metric system

1000

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20
Q

Mili

A

Metric system

1/1000

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21
Q

Length measurement in metric system

A

Meter

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22
Q

Volume measurement in metric system

A

Liter

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23
Q

Mass measurement in metric system

A

Gram

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24
Q

Key points of Origin of Species

A

– Survival of fittest
- natural selection
– evolution of species overtime
– genetic variation through geographic isolation

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25
Why are there seasons on earth?
The result of Earth's tilted axis
26
Perihelion
When we are closest to the sun
27
Aphelion
When we are farthest from the sun
28
Equinox
Days are equally long. Two times a year. Tilt of access is not to or away from the sun
29
Winter solstice
Send position in the sky is the greatest distance from a hemisphere
30
Geomorphology
Land forms
31
Petrology
Rocks
32
Stratigraphy
Layered rocks
33
Paleontology
Fossils
34
Two types of cells
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
35
Cytoplasm
Contains organelles, centrosome, vacuole, ribosomes, Golgi body, mitochondria
36
Golgi apparatus
Packages hormones and enzymes materials
37
Unique characteristics of plant cells
Thick cell wallplastids (chloroplasts) central vacuole
38
Interphase
Cell prepares for mitosis
39
Prophase
Cells begin to divide
40
Metaphase
Chromosomes align around equator of the cell
41
Anaphase
Sister chromosomes form, moved to opposite end of the cells
42
Telophase
Two new nuclei form
43
Cytokinesis
Cell splits into two new daughter cells
44
Meiosis
Animals – produce gametes, others – sport essential for sexual reproduction creates a haploid cell that will need to join with another haploid cell. Creates distinct individual populations
45
Photosynthesis
Solar energy + carbon dioxide + water = glucose (carb) + oxygen
46
Cell
Occurs in mitochondria Two kinds: aerobic and anaerobic
47
Aerobic respiration
Needs oxygen
48
Anaerobic respiration
Fermentation, no oxygen
49
Cell activities other than respiration
Ingestion, digestion, secretion, expiration, homeostasis
50
How was oxygen level on earth increased by Early cells?
They use the suns energy and began photosynthesis, creating more advanced lifeforms
51
Early plants
Developed from freshwater algae, mosses and ferns developed next (used spores to reproduce)
52
Six kingdoms
Prokaryotes: kingdoms Eubacteria and Archaebacteria Eukaryotes: kingdoms Protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia
53
Autotroph
Produces their own food/energy source
54
Heterotrough
Takes compounds from the environment
55
Fungi kingdom
Multi-called eukaryotes, gain nutrition via absorption (mushrooms)
56
Plantae kingdom
Multi-called eukaryotes, gain energy via photosynthesis
57
Animalae kingdom
Multi-felled eukaryotes, gain nutrition via ingestion
58
Bacteria
Prokaryotes
59
Three bacteria shapes
Rod, circular, coiled
60
Three functions of bacteria
Decompose, physiological processes, parasites
61
Viruses
Genetic material surrounded with coat of protein
62
How viruses change a cell
Sends on genetic material into cell, reproduces, damages host organism
63
Lunar eclipse
Sun, earth, moon Moon in earths shadow, only at night, full moon
64
Solar eclipse
Sun, moon, earth
65
Acids
Low end of pH scale Example: battery acid, lemon juice, vinegar, coffee, beer
66
Neutral on pH scale
7 Water
67
Bases/alkaline
Higher numbers on pH scale Example: baking soda, sea water, soap, ammonia, lye, detergents
68
Order of wavelengths from shortest to longest
``` Gamma rays X-rays UV rays Visible light Optical rays IR spectrum mu Waves Radio waves ```
69
Mechanical advantage of inclined plane
Distance is increased, force is decreased
70
Weather front
A boundary between to air masses
71
Warm front
Air behind the front is warmer than the front
72
Cold front
Air behind the front is colder than the front
73
H on weather map
High pressure, clear skies, fair weather
74
L on weather map
Low pressure, cloudiness, precipitation
75
Order of Eras
Precambrian Paleozoic(542-250 mya) Mesozoic (250-65 mya) Cenozoic (65 mya-present)
76
Precambrian period
Algae, cells
77
Paleozoic era
542-250 million years ago Reptiles, ferns, amphibians, vascular land plants, fish, shellfish
78
Mesozoic era
250-65 million years ago Primates, flowering plants, birds, dinosaurs, mammals
79
Cenozoic era
65 million years ago- present Grazing and meat eating mammals, humans
80
Male parts on flower 💩💩
Stamen, anther, filament
81
Female parts on a flower💩💩
``` Pistil Stigma-receives the pollen Style- tube to ovary Ovary Ovule ```
82
Heart contracts
Oxygen poor blood-right ventricle, lungs, Left atrium oxygen rich blood – left ventricle to body, right atrium
83
Heart relaxes
Oxygen rich blood goes to left atrium from lungs oxygen poor blood goes to right atrium from body

CSET Multiple Subject - Subtest 2: Science and Math (2 decks)

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