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CSET Multiple Subject - Subtest 2: Science and Math > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Evapotranspiration

A

Water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil

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2
Q

Canopy interception

A

The precipitation that is intercepted by plant foliage and eventually of operates back to the atmosphere rather than falling to the ground

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3
Q

Snowmelt

A

The run off produced by melting snow

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4
Q

Runoff

A

The variety of ways by which water moves across the land. Includes surface and channel run off

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5
Q

Percolation

A

The movement of rainwater as it filters through soil and rocks into the ground, becoming groundwater

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6
Q

Subsurface flow

A

The flow of water underground, in the vadose zone and aquifers

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7
Q

Sublimation

A

This date change where solid (ice or snow) changes directly to gas water (vapor)

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8
Q

Condensation

A

The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air, producing clouds and fog

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9
Q

Differential heating

A

Motive force behind land breezes and sea breezes

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10
Q

Valley breezes

A

There is temperature inequality between a mountain and a valley

Air rises off of the slopes out of the valleys to replace it

Upslope wind

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11
Q

Mountain breezes

A

Occur as valleys radiate heat

Cooled peaks transport air into the valley

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12
Q

El Nino

A

Sea surface temperature abnormal in the Pacific

Warm current replace is cold surface water of Humboldt Current

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13
Q

La Niña

A

Unusually cold temperatures in eastern Pacific

Atlantic tropical cyclone is enhanced

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14
Q

Estuary

A

A coastal body of water, partly surrounded by land with access to the open ocean and large supply of fresh water from the river

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15
Q

Semidiurnal tides

A

Two low tides and two high tides daily

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16
Q

Diurnal tides

A

One high tide, one low daily

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17
Q

Tide at new/full moon

A

Tides range is at a maximum, spring tide

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18
Q

Tied at first and third quarter moon

A

Neat Tide, sun and moon separated at 90° (from earth view), sun canceled moon, lowest range

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19
Q

Kilo

A

Metric system

1000

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20
Q

Mili

A

Metric system

1/1000

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21
Q

Length measurement in metric system

A

Meter

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22
Q

Volume measurement in metric system

A

Liter

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23
Q

Mass measurement in metric system

A

Gram

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24
Q

Key points of Origin of Species

A

– Survival of fittest
- natural selection
– evolution of species overtime
– genetic variation through geographic isolation

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25
Q

Why are there seasons on earth?

A

The result of Earth’s tilted axis

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26
Q

Perihelion

A

When we are closest to the sun

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27
Q

Aphelion

A

When we are farthest from the sun

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28
Q

Equinox

A

Days are equally long. Two times a year. Tilt of access is not to or away from the sun

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29
Q

Winter solstice

A

Send position in the sky is the greatest distance from a hemisphere

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30
Q

Geomorphology

A

Land forms

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31
Q

Petrology

A

Rocks

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32
Q

Stratigraphy

A

Layered rocks

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33
Q

Paleontology

A

Fossils

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34
Q

Two types of cells

A

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes

35
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Contains organelles, centrosome, vacuole, ribosomes, Golgi body, mitochondria

36
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Packages hormones and enzymes materials

37
Q

Unique characteristics of plant cells

A

Thick cell wallplastids (chloroplasts) central vacuole

38
Q

Interphase

A

Cell prepares for mitosis

39
Q

Prophase

A

Cells begin to divide

40
Q

Metaphase

A

Chromosomes align around equator of the cell

41
Q

Anaphase

A

Sister chromosomes form, moved to opposite end of the cells

42
Q

Telophase

A

Two new nuclei form

43
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Cell splits into two new daughter cells

44
Q

Meiosis

A

Animals – produce gametes, others – sport essential for sexual reproduction creates a haploid cell that will need to join with another haploid cell. Creates distinct individual populations

45
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Solar energy + carbon dioxide + water = glucose (carb) + oxygen

46
Q

Cell

A

Occurs in mitochondria

Two kinds: aerobic and anaerobic

47
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Needs oxygen

48
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Fermentation, no oxygen

49
Q

Cell activities other than respiration

A

Ingestion, digestion, secretion, expiration, homeostasis

50
Q

How was oxygen level on earth increased by Early cells?

A

They use the suns energy and began photosynthesis, creating more advanced lifeforms

51
Q

Early plants

A

Developed from freshwater algae, mosses and ferns developed next (used spores to reproduce)

52
Q

Six kingdoms

A

Prokaryotes: kingdoms Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

Eukaryotes: kingdoms Protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia

53
Q

Autotroph

A

Produces their own food/energy source

54
Q

Heterotrough

A

Takes compounds from the environment

55
Q

Fungi kingdom

A

Multi-called eukaryotes, gain nutrition via absorption (mushrooms)

56
Q

Plantae kingdom

A

Multi-called eukaryotes, gain energy via photosynthesis

57
Q

Animalae kingdom

A

Multi-felled eukaryotes, gain nutrition via ingestion

58
Q

Bacteria

A

Prokaryotes

59
Q

Three bacteria shapes

A

Rod, circular, coiled

60
Q

Three functions of bacteria

A

Decompose, physiological processes, parasites

61
Q

Viruses

A

Genetic material surrounded with coat of protein

62
Q

How viruses change a cell

A

Sends on genetic material into cell, reproduces, damages host organism

63
Q

Lunar eclipse

A

Sun, earth, moon

Moon in earths shadow, only at night, full moon

64
Q

Solar eclipse

A

Sun, moon, earth

65
Q

Acids

A

Low end of pH scale

Example: battery acid, lemon juice, vinegar, coffee, beer

66
Q

Neutral on pH scale

A

7

Water

67
Q

Bases/alkaline

A

Higher numbers on pH scale

Example: baking soda, sea water, soap, ammonia, lye, detergents

68
Q

Order of wavelengths from shortest to longest

A 
Gamma rays
X-rays
UV rays
Visible light
Optical rays
IR spectrum
mu Waves
Radio waves
69
Q

Mechanical advantage of inclined plane

A

Distance is increased, force is decreased

70
Q

Weather front

A

A boundary between to air masses

71
Q

Warm front

A

Air behind the front is warmer than the front

72
Q

Cold front

A

Air behind the front is colder than the front

73
Q

H on weather map

A

High pressure, clear skies, fair weather

74
Q

L on weather map

A

Low pressure, cloudiness, precipitation

75
Q

Order of Eras

A

Precambrian Paleozoic(542-250 mya)

Mesozoic (250-65 mya)

Cenozoic (65 mya-present)

76
Q

Precambrian period

A

Algae, cells

77
Q

Paleozoic era

A

542-250 million years ago

Reptiles, ferns, amphibians, vascular land plants, fish, shellfish

78
Q

Mesozoic era

A

250-65 million years ago

Primates, flowering plants, birds, dinosaurs, mammals

79
Q

Cenozoic era

A

65 million years ago- present

Grazing and meat eating mammals, humans

80
Q

Male parts on flower 💩💩

A

Stamen, anther, filament

81
Q

Female parts on a flower💩💩

A 
Pistil
Stigma-receives the pollen
Style- tube to ovary 
Ovary
Ovule
82
Q

Heart contracts

A

Oxygen poor blood-right ventricle, lungs, Left atrium

oxygen rich blood – left ventricle to body, right atrium

83
Q

Heart relaxes

A

Oxygen rich blood goes to left atrium from lungs

oxygen poor blood goes to right atrium from body

CSET Multiple Subject - Subtest 2: Science and Math (2 decks)

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