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EC-6 Content > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

What grade should safety googles be introduced?

A

3rd grade

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2
Q

What grade do students start to use hot plates and field nets?

A

5th grade

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3
Q

Robert Hooke

A

Took a “look” under the Microscope and saw cells of organisms

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4
Q

A magnet that can be made?

A

Temporary Magnet- also called an electomagnet

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5
Q

The strength of the electromagnet is dependent on the number of coils wrapped around a nail. The more coils= the ______ the magnet is. Fewer coils creates=_____ magnet.

A

more coils= stronger the agent

fewer coils creates= weaker magnet

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6
Q

When using a spreadsheet, students must know?

A

to be able to categorize

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7
Q

Non-standard units of measurement

A

pencils, sticks, body parts to measure length. Marbles or paper clips to measure mass

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8
Q

Standard units of measurement

A

Rulers, yard sticks or meter sticks

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9
Q

A ruler

A

12 inches or 1 foot

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10
Q

Yard stick

A

36 inches or 3 feet

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11
Q

Meter stick

A

39 inches

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12
Q

The most accurate device used to measure liquid volume because the increments between each mark is the smallest

A

Graduated cylinder

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13
Q

Curved appearance of liquids in glass containers

A

Meniscus

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14
Q

For an accurate reading of a liquid volume in a cylinder, the reading is taken where?

A

at the bottom of the meniscus (the smile)

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15
Q

To measure the volume of a solid, irregularly shaped object, like a rock. Fill with a known volume of water and place the object in the water. The increase of volume of water is equal to the volume of the irregularly shaped object. This is called?

A

Volume by immersion

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16
Q

The amount of matter an object has?

A

Mass

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17
Q

What do we use to measure mass?

A

balance scale

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18
Q

2 scales to measure temperature

A

Fahrenheit and Celsius

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19
Q

Boiling point of water

A

100* Celsius

200* Fahrenheit

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20
Q

Freezing point of water

A

0* Celsius

32* Fahrenheit

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21
Q

Absolute Zero

A
  • 273* Celsius

- 459 * Fahrenheit

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22
Q

Makes sharing data and results more convenient and simplifies conversions because unit sizes vary by multiples of ten.

A

Metric system

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23
Q

Why is the metric system used by 90% of the world?

A

easier to convert & more accurate

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24
Q

King Henry Died Unexpectedly Drinking Chocolate Milk

A

kilo( thousand), hecto(hundred), deca(ten), Unit, deci(tenth), centi(hundredth), milli( thousandth)

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25
Q

Form of prediction and is a higher order thinking skill. Improves with experience, practice and understanding.

A

Estimation of measurement

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26
Q

Uses a circle to divided into sections to display data as parts of a whole. The entire circle represents 100%.

A

circle graph

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27
Q

Graph that compares individual pieces of data

A

bar graph

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28
Q

Graph that shows the relationship between 2 variables . The independent variable is drawn on the x-axis and the dependent variable is drawn on the y-axis.

A

line graph

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29
Q

Map showing how ideas are linked together. Indicates how concept are related and helps organize information about a topic

A

concept map

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30
Q

5E model of Science instruction

A 
Engage
Explore
Explain
Elaborate
Evaluate
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31
Q

Formative Assessment

A

Done throughout the year
ex: benchmarks, 6 weeks test
Process skills checklist, guides students to create rubric, and asks open-ended, divergent questions

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32
Q

Summative Assessment

A

Summary at the end

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33
Q

Any factor that can vary or change during the course of scientific inquiry.

A

variable

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34
Q

Variable that is changed in an experiment

A

Independent or Manipulated Variable (IM)

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35
Q

Variable that changes as a result of the manipulation

A

Dependent or Responding Variable (DR)

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36
Q

Variable that is held constant throughout the experiment

A

Control Variable

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37
Q

Demonstrated that all objects fall at the same speed, showed that all matter has inertia, used a telescope to see the rings of Saturn and the moons of Jupiter

A

Galileo Galilei

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38
Q

Discovered the 3 laws of motion, introduced the concept of gravity and demonstrated that white light contains many colors

A

Isaac Newton

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39
Q

Proposed the theory of evolution

A

Charles Darwin

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40
Q

Outlined the methods of heredity. GENETICS

A

Gregor Mendel

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41
Q

Realized that tiny organisms caused wine and milk to go sour. He showed that heating the liquids killed the germs, this is called pasteurization. Also developed vaccine for rabies.

A

Louis Pasteur

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42
Q

Proposed the theory of continental drift that states that all land on the earth was one a single mass but eventually broke apart from one another and drifted away. (Sid Shuffle)

A

Alfred Wegener

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43
Q

Noticed that the molds in a petri dish produced a substance that killed bacteria. He called this substance, penicillin, the first known antibiotic.

A

Alexander Fleming

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44
Q

Introduced the first vaccine for polio

A

Jonas Salk

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45
Q

1st black woman astronomer

A

Maria Mitchell

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46
Q

First to determine that radiation could be used in the treatment of cancer. Helped develop diagnostic and therapeutic applications for x-rays.

A

Edith Quimby (Quesey Quimby)

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47
Q

Ecologist famous for her work with the African Gombe Chimpanzee

A

Jane Goodall- (Goodall=Gorillas)

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48
Q

The most well known African American scientist. Remembered for his research in agricultural methods.

A

George Washington Carver

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49
Q

First female astronaut

A

Ellen Ochoa

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50
Q

Groups of populations that interact with each other within a given area. They depend on each other for food and other needs.

A

Communities

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51
Q

Made up of a biotic community- the plants, animals, and other living organisms- and the abiotic factors- like temperature, light, water, and soil conditions that affect it.

A

Ecosystem

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52
Q

Renewable energy source- something that can be replenished continually

A

trees, wind and water

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53
Q

Nonrenewable energy source- cannot be replaced within a short period of time, if at all.

A

Fossil fuels(coal, natural gas, petroleum)

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54
Q

Causes all weather, most of all the energy on the earth

A

the sun

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55
Q

Inexhaustible energy resource- can never be depleted by human use

A

the sun

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56
Q

Earth’s internal heat, underneath the surface

A

Geothermal

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57
Q

Heat source found within the earth’s crust is the hot water or stream coming out of the ground

A

Geysers

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58
Q

Transforming the potential energy of water that is trapped behind dams. The electricity that is formed supplies the world with almost 20% of the world’s electrical energy

A

Hydroelectricty

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59
Q

Have rotating blades that convert kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy.

A

wind turbines

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60
Q

Atmospheric Cycle

A

As the energy from the sun warms the source of the Earth, the air near the surface is heated by conduction. Cool air pushes the warm air upward causing a convection current

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61
Q

Describes all the water on the earth’s surface.

A

Hydrosphere

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62
Q

Water Cycle

A

Heat energy from the sun causes water in the hydrosphere to change from a liquid to a gas through the process of evaporation. If the water vapor in the atmosphere cools, it changes back into a liquid, forming clouds. This process is called condensation. As water in the clouds forms liquid drops, it falls to earth as precipitation.
Evaporation-Condenstation-Precipitation

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63
Q

3 categories of rocks

A

igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary

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64
Q

Igneous rocks

A

formed by cooling and melting- granite

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65
Q

Metamorphic rock

A

formed by heat and pressure- marble

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66
Q

Sedimentary rock

A

formed by weathering and erosion, compaction and cementation- limestone

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67
Q

Hierarchy of organization in most multi-celled organisms that live in the ecosystems

A

CT3O’s- Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms

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68
Q

Model explaining the unfamiliar by comparing it to something familiar. Inflating and deflating a balloon with air can be compared to inflating and deflating lungs with air

A

conceptual model

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69
Q

Form and Function

A

A butterfly has wings (form) that allows it to fly to find food and to escape predators (function)

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70
Q

Inter-disciplinary

A

across the states or subjects

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71
Q

Intra-disciplinary

A

within the state or within that subject

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72
Q

Closed questions

A

yes or no answer- low on Blooms

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73
Q

Open questions

A

High on Blooms, can be answered in a number of ways, promote divergent thinking

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74
Q

Rocky and Inner planets

A

The first four- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

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75
Q

Gaseous and Outer Planets

A

The last four- Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune

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76
Q

Teaching tool to help students remember the order of data that is to be remembered.

A

Mnemonic devices such as Acronyms. Example: My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nachos.

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77
Q

Authentic Assessment

A

Real World

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78
Q

Diagnostic Assessment

A

used prior to teaching to provide the teacher with information about what the students already know about a topic.

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79
Q

Formative Assessment

A

collecting data on student learning during a lesson. Can be informal or formal.

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80
Q

Self-assessment

A

used to help students plan, implement, and evaluate their processes and products of learning. ex: rubrics

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81
Q

A push or a pull on an object that causes the object to start moving, speed up, slow down, stop, or change directions.

A

Force

Friction-causes object to stop

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82
Q

Force that pulls any 2 objects toward one another.

A

Gravitational

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83
Q

Why do objects weigh less on the moon

A

weight depends on gravity

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84
Q

Pulling or pushing force that exists around charged particles

A

Electrical force

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85
Q

The result of a force moving an object

A

Work

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86
Q

Example of an Inclined Plane

A

Ramp

87
Q

Example of a Wedge

A

Ax

88
Q

Example of a Pulley

A

Wishing Well

89
Q

Example of a Wheel and Axle

A

Car Wheel and Axle

90
Q

Example of a Lever

A

Hammer or Screwdriver

91
Q

The force that slows the motion of moving objects

A

Friction

92
Q

The tendency of an object to keep moving if it is in motion or to stay at rest if it is not moving

A

Inertia (Isaac Newton- laws of motion)

93
Q

Stored energy

A

Potential energy

Tallest mountain has the most potential energy

94
Q

Energy of motion

A

Kinetic energy

95
Q

States of matter

A

Solid- has a definite shape and volume
Liquid- no definite shape but does have a definite volume
Gas- no shape or volume of its own

96
Q

Going from a solid to a gas

A

sublimation

97
Q

Going from a gas to a solid

A

deposition

98
Q

A materials ability to transfer heat or electrons

A

conduction

99
Q

good conductor?

bad conductor?

A

metal

wood

100
Q

The amount of space that matter takes up

A

volume

101
Q

How much mass is in a certain volume of mass

A

density

102
Q

mesure of the gravitational force acting on an object

A

Weight

103
Q

Measuring volume- cubic meter

A

length x width x height

104
Q

Measuring density

A

D= M/V

105
Q

Ability of a substance to burn

A

combustion

106
Q

Change in matter involving size, shape or state without making a new substance

A

Physical change- ex: wood being sanded, metal being filed, clay being shaped, glass being blown, peanuts ground into peanut butter

107
Q

Change that occurs when atoms link together to form new substances with new properties

A

Chemical change- ex: a fried egg, a baked cake, a lit match, rusty nail

108
Q

combination of 2 or more different kinds of matter, each keeping their own properties

A

mixture- ex: salad(can be taken back apart)

109
Q

combination of 2 or more different kinds of matter in which one substance is dissolved into another

A

solutions- ex: lemonade

110
Q

Energy an object has because it has the potential to move or is moving

A

mechanical

111
Q

Energy that comes from chemical changes

A

chemical (found in fuels like gasoline and coal)

112
Q

energy that travels as waves and moves through empty spaces

A

radiant- ex: X-rays

113
Q

Produced by vibrating matter such as air, water or other media. travels by waves

A

sound-ex: listening to music, talking to a friend

114
Q

The energy of the movement of atoms and molecules. T The more rapidly the atoms move the greater the ___ energy.

A

Heat energy- ex: kids on a play ground

115
Q

Allows for an electric current to flow through the entire circuit. (turns the light on)

A

Closed Circuit

116
Q

An open path through which electric current does not flow. (turns the light off)

A

Open Circuit

117
Q

When visible light passes through a material

A

Transparent

118
Q

When visible light passes through but it is difficult to see details

A

Translucent

119
Q

When visible light is not able to pass through a material

A

Opaque

120
Q

Bending light

A

when light rays pass from air to another medium, the light may bend, making objects look different than they really are

121
Q

the light energy that bounces off of a material

A

Reflection

122
Q

Order of the colors of the color spectrum

A

ROY G BIV

123
Q

The bending of light rays that often happens when light travels from one substance to another

A

Refraction- Ex: pencil appears broken because the light passes through the water and glass

124
Q

States that energy is never lost. It can never be created or destroyed. The only thing that changes is the form in which the energy appears.

A

The Law of Conservation of Energy

125
Q

Process by which green plants transform energy into chemical energy. Sunlight+Water+Carbon Dioxide= Glucose and Oxygen

A

Photosynthesis

126
Q

Which heats up faster? the Earth’s land or water?

A

Earth’s land

127
Q

3 ways thermal energy can be transferred

A

conduction- (pot of water on a burner, heat is transferred into the pot, then into the water)
convection- (water in pot becomes hot, the bottom heats first. The hot water rises in the post while the cooler water sinks)
radiation- (energy is transferred through electromagetic waves) heat coming off the burner

128
Q

Use the mechanical energy of falling water to spin turbines of electric generators

A

Hydroelectric plants

129
Q

Contain cell walls for structure, one main vacuole for food and water storage, and chloroplasts for photosynthesis

A

Plant cells

130
Q

Cells work together to form tissues, such as the bark of the tree

A

Plant tissues

131
Q

Plant organs

A

roots
stem
leaves
flower- where fertilization takes place

132
Q

The life cycle of a plant

A

dormant seed- germinating seed- seedling- mature plant( after fully grown, it blooms and it is pollinated)

133
Q

The life cycle of the insect

A

egg stage- nymph stage- adult stage

134
Q

the way insects develop, grow, and change form

A

metamorphosis

135
Q

Characterized by nymphs that resemble adults

A

Incomplete metamorphosis

136
Q

Characterized by larvae that do not resemble adults

A

Complete metamorphosis

137
Q

The life cycle of a butterfly

A

egg stage- larva stage- Pupa stage- adult stage

138
Q

The life cycle of a frog

A

eggs- young tadpole- older tadpole- adult tadpole

139
Q

Movement from plane from the stamen to the pistil

A

Pollination

140
Q

Pollination is accommodated by ___,____, and ____

A

wind , water and animals

141
Q

Occurs when the pollen grain reaches the pistil, pistil grows a thin tube to the ovary. The sperm from the pollen combine with the egg and a seed forms

A

Fertilization

142
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

One-celled organisms can reproduce or make whole new individuals by splitting in 2 and separating. ex: amoeba, or cloning

143
Q

46 chromosomes

A

23 chromosomes of a human egg cell combine with 23 chromosomes in a sperm to form a zygote

144
Q

Found in the cell’s nucleus. made up of DNA

A

Chromosomes

145
Q

DNA was discovered by?

A

Fredrick Miechen in 1869 and rediscovered by Crick and Watson in 1950

146
Q

Contains the code for all the traits an organism inherits

A

Gene (Allele)

147
Q

Gene that prevents the expression of another gene

A

Dominant Gene

148
Q

Gene whose expression is prevented by a dominant gene

A

Recessive gene

149
Q

Characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring

A

Inherited Trait

150
Q

Characteristic that all organisms in the same population inherit. ex: birds need to build a nest

A

Instinct

151
Q

Characteristic that an organism has been taught

A

learned behavior

152
Q

Plant adaptations

A

adaptations that allow plants to better survive in their environments. ex: cactus have shallow roots

153
Q

Animal adaptations

A

adaptations that allow animals to obtain food more readily. ex: beaks (chisel, long and thin, nut crackers, hooked, pouch), feet- (webbed, scratching, talons,perching)

154
Q

Adaptations that allow animals to protect themselves against predators

A

spines, armored skin, camouflage, speed, bad odors, mimicry(Viceroy butterfly mimics the Monarch butterfly)

155
Q

Inherited behavior that helps an organism to survive. They are instinctive behaviors

A

Behavioral Adaptation

156
Q

“Survival of the fittest”- living organisms best adapted to their environment will be the ones most likely to survive and reproduce

A

Natural selection

157
Q

Intentional breeding of organisms in order to pass on certain desirable traits

A

selective breeding

158
Q

Permanent change in an organism’s DNA

A

Mutation

159
Q

Mutations passed on from parent to offspring

A

Hereditary mutation

160
Q

Mutations that occur in a fertilized egg. Parents do not have this mutation

A

New mutation

161
Q

Mutations that occur during the course of a life time in response to environmental factors. Cannot be passed on to offspring

A

Acquired mutation

162
Q

Animals with backbones

A

vertebrates- cold or warm blooded. Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, birds, mammals

163
Q

Animals without backbones and make up about 97% of earth’s animals

A

Invertebrates- worms, sponges, mollusks, spiny skinned, spiders and insects

164
Q

Kangaroos and opossum are what type of mammal?

A

marsupials

165
Q

Any change in an organism’s environment that causes the organism to react

A

Stimulus
Internal stimulus- feeling hungry
External stimulus- temperature change

166
Q

Ecosystems

A

individual- one mouse in a field
population- all the mice in the field
community- population of mice+ grasshoppers+ rabbits in the field joined together
ecosystem- the community and the environment interacting
habitat- place where the animal or plant lives
niche- certain role within that habitat

167
Q

Ecosystems hat have limited amounts of resources, such as food, all organisms within the ecosystem compete for these resources

A

competition- cheetahs have speed that allows them to successfully hunt zebra

168
Q

Organisms that share resources because of their individual niches.

A

sharing resources- giraffes eat the leaves on the top branches, antelopes eat from the middle, and rhinos from the lower branches

169
Q

Long term relationship in which at least one of the organisms involved benefits from the the relationship

A

Symbiosis

170
Q

when both organisms benefit from the relationship

A

mutualism ( clown fish and anemone)

171
Q

Shows how all the food in the food chains within the ecosystem are connected

A

food web

172
Q

shows the flow of energy in a community

A

food chain

173
Q

Produce their own food

A

producers

174
Q

consumers

A

gets its energy by eating plants and animals

175
Q

only eats producers(plants)

A

herbivore

176
Q

Only eats other consumers (meat)

A

carnivore

177
Q

Eats both producers and consumers

A

omnivore

178
Q

Eats dead animals

A

scavenger

179
Q

break down the bodies of dead plants and animals into minerals and nutrients

A

decomposers- fungi

180
Q

large-scale ecosystem-

A

biomes- 7 major biomes in the world (rain forest, desert, tundra, savanna, grassland, deciduous forest, taiga forest)

181
Q

rain forest found near the equator

A

Tropical rain forest

182
Q

forest of evergreen trees, such as firs and pines, stretch across the northern parts of north america and Eurasia, very cold

A

taiga

183
Q

world’s coldest biome

A

tundra

184
Q

Earth’s 3 distint layers

A

crust, mantle, core

185
Q

Solid surface of the earth that includes the continents and the ocean floor

A

lithosphere

186
Q

Breaks rocks apart but does not change their substance. ex: freezing water, waves, wind and plant roots

A

physical weathering

187
Q

Weathering that changes the substance that makes up the rock ex: carbonic acid forming caves

A

chemical weathering

188
Q

the theory that says that earth’s surface is broken into plates that move. caused by gravitational pull of the sun

A

plate tectonics

189
Q

Continental plates that go across each other cause?

A

earthquakes

190
Q

continental plates that hit each other cause?

A

volcanos

191
Q

What gases make up the atmosphere?

A

nitrogen(76%), oxygen (20%), argon(1%), helium(1%),and carbon dioxide (1%)

192
Q

Layers of the atmosphere

A

The Sun Might Turn Evil

Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere

193
Q

protects living things on the earth form harmful UV from the sun’s rays

A

ozone

194
Q

non-living solid material that comes from the earth

A

minerals

195
Q

What is happening in the atmosphere at a certain place at a particular time

A

weather

196
Q

weather conditions in a particular location that occurs over time

A

climate

197
Q

The process by which gases in the atmosphere absorb heat from the earth’s surface and keep the earth warm

A

greenhouse effect

198
Q

Tilt of the earth

A

23.5 degrees- causes the different seasons

199
Q

Only a funnel unless it makes contact with the ground

A

tornado

200
Q

Increase in the earth’s temperature caused by the increased amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

A

global warming

201
Q

measures air pressure and predicts changes in weather

A

barometer (upside down triangles represent cold front and half circles represent warm fronts)

202
Q

Low-level clouds that produce flat,gray sheets

A

stratus clouds

203
Q

clouds with dome shaped flat bottoms

A

cumulus clouds

204
Q

thunderstorm clouds and create heavy precipitation

A

cumulonimbus clouds

205
Q

wispy clouds

A

cirrus clouds

206
Q

Hurricanes are formed by?

A

warm water and warm moist air

207
Q

the earth comes between the sun and the moon

A 
Lunar eclipse (lunar last- the moon is the last in line during the lunar eclipse)
SEM
208
Q

the moon comes between the sun and the earth

A

solar eclipse SME

209
Q

planet’s day

A

time it takes to rotate once on its axis

210
Q

planet’s year

A

time it takes to revolve around the sun

211
Q

cycle of the moon

A

30 days

212
Q

what do asteroids and comets have in common?

A

both orbit the sun

213
Q

form constellations

A

stars

214
Q

galaxy in which our solar system lies

A

milky way

EC-6 Content (1 decks)

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