Science Flashcards
Which mandate call us to use wise dominion over the earth?
Creation Mandate
Which Great Commandment is tat we love God with all our heats, souls, and minds?
1st
The goal of a model is no accuracy, but ______, or functionality/applicabilty.
Workability
Things or events observed to exist or occur are called what?
Phenomena
What are the results of a tested and proven theories?
Laws
The study of matter and energy and how those interact is called what?
Physics
The lens through which someone views the world is a _____?
Worldview
What is a simple representation of a more complex idea called?
Model
The study of the structure, composition, and properties of matter and how matter acts in the presence of other matter is known as:
Chemistry
Which type of science develops new technologies, producrts, materials?
Applied Science
The process of mixing by particle motion is known as what?
Diffusion
what is the building block of all matter?
Atoms
The number of _____ determines the type of atom and its atomic number.
Protons
Because gasses and liquids have the ability to flow they are classified as what?
Fluids
A change from a liquid to a solid is called what?
Freezing
Which is located in the nucleus of an atom?
Nuetrons
Which type of mixture contains large clumps of distinctly different kinds of matter?
Heterogeneous
Which type of changes alters the electron structure of atoms?
Chemical
What occurs when thermal energy is lost from a vapor through cooling?
Condensation
Matter that contains only one kind of atom or fixed ratio of different atoms is a _____?
Pure Substance
The S.I.’s base unit for measurement is the what?
Meter
Any artificial device made for the purpose of refining, extending, or substituting for the human senses when measuring is known as an:
Instrment
Which country established the decimal metric system?
France
What is the assessment of the measurement error?
Accuracy
The two parts of measured data are the number and the ______.
Unit
Which indicates the amount of matter in an object and the effect of gravity?
Weight
300 km has how many significant digits?
1
9300.4 m has how many significant digits?
5
The formula for speed is:
s=d/t
Vectors are typically represented by:
Arrows
The formula for acceleration is:
a=^v/^t
^ is supposed to be delta, meaning a change in time
Which quantity indicates how fast motion occurs?
Distance
Everything inside the boundaries of what we study is known as the what?
System
The modern study of motion is called what?
Mechanics
What is the S.I. Unit for force?
Newton
Who developed the 3 laws of motion?
Newton
Which law states that objects at rest tend to stay at rest?
The law of inertia
What force surrounds magnets and materials with electricity flowing through them?
Magnetic
What force opposes motion?
Friction
What is the gravitational acceleration of objects on earth at sea level?
9.81 m/s2
2 means sqaured
Which law of motion states that for every action, there is an opposite but equal reaction?
The law of action-reaction
Air resistance is a form of friction called what?
Drag
Objects that fall due to gravity alone with no other forces acting on the are in what?
Free fall
When an objects velocity is constant for the remainder of its fall, the object has reached what?
Terminal Velocity
What are the 2 types of energy?
Potential and kinetic
What is done when an object moves through a distance because of a force acting on it?
Work
Systems that consist of lone individual particles acting as a single object may have what?
Mechanical energy
What type of energy is the energy of an object due to its physical positions?
Mechanical potential energy
The position from which the distance traveled is measured is called the what?
Zero reference position
The sum of the kinetic energies of all particles in an object is its what?
Thermal energy
The transmission of energy through matter by particle oscillations that occur in a specific direction is called what?
Thermal energy
What is the potential energy stored in chemical bonds called?
Chemical energy
What type of energy is associated with the nucleus of an atom?
Nuclear energy
The largest potential source of energy in the universe is ____, the energy equivalent to all matter itself.
Mass energy
What type of collision occurs when after the collision the rebounding objects are temporarily or permanently deformed in some way?
Partially elastic collision
What is the definition of energy?
The ability to do work
What is the S.I. Unit for energy
Joules
What does the law of the conservation of energey state?
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
What is the S.I. unit of power?
The watt
When a firce acts on an object to move it in a direction parallel to the force vector ______ occurs.
Mechanical work
The force needed to begin moving the resistence is the:
Resistance Force
The force actully exerted on the simple machine is called the:
Effot force
Simple machines compensate for a smaller effort forceby exerting that for over a longer distance, a property called ______.
Distance principle
When a seesaw is balanced and has no tendancy to teeter about the fulcrum, it is in a state of _____ _______.
Rotational Equilibrium
A ______ is a modiefied wheel and axle.
Gear
A pulley mounted on a fixed support is called a:
Single fixed pulley
What is a 2D tilted surface that allows a resistence load to be moved from a lower position to one that is higher with less effort?
Inclined plane
what is a fastene that exerts a large amount of force to hold objects together?
Screw
In the U.S. screws are usually classified by their:
Thread count
What is power?
The rate at which work is measured
What isthe formula for power?
p=w/^t
^ means delta, a change in time
Examples of an inclined plane.
Stairs, Screw, Ramp
Examples of a wedge.
Door-stop, Axe
What is a pitch?
An inclined plane
What are cylindrical screws with closely spread threads called?
Bolts
Why are gasses and liquids both fluids?
They have the ability to float
What is a factor that can affect fluid pressure?
Depth
Objects weigh less in water when they are what?
Not immersed
Why do fluids flow?
Beause the particles do not change and the pressure changes
The pressure on a surface is a ratio of force to what?
Area
Wht is the property of fluids tha states pressure is exerted equally in all directiions on a body of water?
Fluid pressure
Water presure due to depth alone is called what?
Hydrostatic pressure
What device is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
Barometer
The lifting force that is responsible for ships floating is known as what?
Buoyant force
What is the science of the transmission of forces and energy by liquids called?
Hydraulics
The physics of flowing fluids is known as what?
Pneumatics
A pressure sensing instrument uses a C-shaped sealed tube detector called what?
Bourdon tube
Objects that sink are what?
Negatively buoyant
A hydraulic pump works using what scientific principle?
Pascals principle
What is the study of how fluids flow and how forces and energy are transmitted through?
Fluid mechanics
Describe pascals principle
Changes of pressure on the surface of a confined fluid are exerted equally throughout the fluid and at all points on the fluids container
What is Bernoulies principle?
An inviscid flow of a nonconducting fluid, an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid’s potential energy.
What is Boyle’s law?
A gas law, stating that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship, when temperature is held constant.
What is Charles’s law?
An experimental gas law which describes how gases tend to expand when heated.
Who developed the caloric theory?
Antione Lavoiser
The sum of all the energies inside a substance us called its what?
Internal energy
The temperature of a substance is directly related to what kind of average energy of its atoms?
Kinetic enrergy
Substances that are typically good conductors of electricity are also good conductors of what?
Heat
The gaps in bridges are there for what?
Thermal expansion
Early scientist believed that heat was actually a fluid called what?
Caloric
Temperature is measured in a dimensional unit called what?
Degree
On what scale is water’s boiling point 212 degree?
Farenheit
What scale includes absolute zero?
Kelvin
The flow of thermal energy frim one place to anither is called what?
Heat
Heat transfer through direct contact is ….
Conduction
Heat via electromagnetic waves is known as ……
Radiation
Heat transfer via fluid is what?
Convection
