Science 4th Quarter Quiz

Question 1

studied magnetism and coined the term “electricus”

Answer 1

William Gilbert (1544-1603)

Question 2

-discovered the electric current
-current carrying wire produces magnetic field

Answer 2

Hans Christian Orsted (1777-1851)

Question 3

discovered that a wire passing through a magnetic field produces electric current

Answer 3

Michael Faraday

Question 4

discovered electromagnetic induction (like Faraday)

Answer 4

Joseph Henry (1797-1878)

Question 5

-formulated his own equation
-electric and magnetic fields can join and make electromagnetic waves
-first to describe how electric and magnetic fields interact through space as waves

Answer 5

James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879)

Question 6

-his experiment confirms Maxwell’s theory
-proved the existence of radiowaves
-unit of frequency named after himself

Answer 6

Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894)

Question 7

electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation

Answer 7

definition of transverse waves

Question 8

Electromagnetic waves are considered …

Answer 8

transverse waves

Question 9

All electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum which is…

Answer 9

299 792 458 m/s or 3 x 10^8 m/s

Question 10

Properties of electromagnetic waves

Answer 10

-can travel through a vacuum
-do not require a medium
-can carry energy and info across vast distances
-are transverse waves

Question 11

Parts of a transverse wave

Answer 11

-Crest
-Trough
-Amplitude
-Wavelength
-Frequency
-Node

Question 12

-highest point of the wave above the equilibrium position
-peak of the wave where energy is concentrated

Answer 12

Crest

Question 13

-lowest point of the wave below the equilibrium position
-where particles are the most displaced in the opposite position of the crest

Answer 13

Trough

Question 14

-maximum displacement from the equilibrium position
-measures how far the particles of the medium move

Answer 14

Amplitude

Question 15

-distance between two consecutive crests or troughs
-represents the length of one complete wave cycle
-measured in meters

Answer 15

Wavelength

Question 16

-how many times a cycle is completed per unit of time
-measured in Hertz (Hz)
-inversely related to wavelength (higher wavelength lower ___)

Answer 16

Frequency

Question 17

point where the wave has zero amplitude

Answer 17

Node

Question 18

-energy emitted from charged particles in the form of electromagnetic waves
-energy carried by electromagnetic waves

Answer 18

electromagnetic radiation

Question 19

-entire range of electromagnetic radiation
-categorized by wavelength and/or frequency of the electromagnetic wave

Answer 19

electromagnetic spectrum

Question 20

-longest wavelength and lowest frequency of all waves
-low energy level
-non ionizing radiation

Answer 20

radio waves

Question 21

-shorter wavelengths and higher frequency than radio waves
-carries energy that is higher than radio waves but lower than infrared radiation
-non ionizing radiation
-used to microwave food

Answer 21

micro waves

Question 22

-longer wavelengths than visible light shorter than microwaves
-sometimes called heat radiation
-non ionizing radiation

Answer 22

infrared

Question 23

-small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye
-allows us to see the world around us
-each color has a different wavelength (ROYGBIV)

Answer 23

Visible Light

Question 24

-shorter wavelength higher frequency than visible light
-widely known for sunburns, skin aging, and caner risks
-non ionizing but can cause biological damage

Answer 24

Ultraviolet

Question 25

-higher energy and shorter wavelengths than ultraviolet radiation -ionizing radiation -can pass through soft tissue making it useful for medical imaging

Answer 25

X-Rays

Question 26

-highest energy, highest frequency, and shortest wavelength -ionizing radiation and can cause DNA damage, mutations, and increased cancer risk -used in radiation therapy to beat cancer

Answer 26

Gamma Rays