Science Flashcards
During physical changes, matter is
neither created nor destroyed
This idea is known as
the law of conversation of mass
Antoine Lauoisier
A late eighteenth century chemist who conducted several experiments during which he carefully measured mass before and after a chemical change. His experiments showed that no mass was lost or gained during the change. This means that even though new substances were formed during the reaction, no new atoms were created. The original atoms simply rearranged themselves to form new substances.
Reactants
the substances at the beginning of a chemical reaction
Products
substances at the end of a chemical reaction. The mass of the reactants always equals the mass of the products.
The four states of matter for observance in daily life:
- solids
- liquids
- gases
- plasms
Solids
The particles of a solid are tightly packed and are not as energetic as the particles in liquids and gases, particles of a solid actually vibrate, but can not break free from their fixed positions and remain locked in place. This gives solids a definite shape and volume. In crystalline solids, the particles are arranged in repeating patters that form different crystal structures. The particles of non-crystalline, or amorphous solids, do not form repeating patterns.
Liquids
The particles of a liquid are more energetic than particles of a solid.
Three more properties that all matter shares
- mass
- volume
- density
Mass
is the amount of matter in an object. The mass of an object does not change because of a change in shape. Mass and weight are often mistaken for each other, but they are not the same.
Weight
a measure of the force of gravity on an objects location
Volume
the amount of space that matter takes up
Density
a measure of the mass of a material in a given volume. The density of a material can be determined by dividing its mass by its volume.
Density
= mass/volume
Mass
= density * volume
