Science Flashcards
Who invented direct current electricity (also known as the Wizard of Menlo Park)?
Thomas Edison
Who invented alternating current electricity?
Nikola Tesla
What are the natural “furrows” the divide up the brain called?
Fissures
What are the joints that connect parts of the skull called?
Sutures
What is the densest naturally occurring element?
Osmium
What is the boiling point of water? At what temperature is water the most dense?
100 °C (212 °F); 4 °C
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Hydrogen
What is the approximate distance from Earth to the moon?
238,900 miles
What is the approximate distance from Earth to the Sun?
92,960,000 miles
What is the approximate circumference of Earth?
24,901 miles
The point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, comet, or other Sun-orbiting body where it is nearest the Sun? Point farthest from the Sun?
Perihelion; aphelion
Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)
1 atm, 273 K (0 °C, 32 °F)
SI Base Unit for length? Mass? Time? Temperature?
meters (m); kilograms (kg); seconds (s); Kelvin (K)
SI Base Unit for electric current?
ampere (A)
SI Base Unit for amount of substance?
mole (mol)
SI Base Unit for luminous intensity?
candela (cd)
What empirical measure relates wind speed to observed conditions at sea or on land? What instrument measure wind speed?
Beaufort wind force scale (0 calm to 12 hurricane force); anemometer
What base-10 logarithmic scale assigns magnitude number to quantify energy released by earthquakes? What new scale is now used by USGS to measure all modern earthquakes? What instrument measure motions of the ground, including those of earthquakes?
Richter scale (0 micro to 10 great); moment magnitude scale; seismometer
What scale classifies hurricane strength (stronger than tropical depressions/storms) by the intensities of their sustained winds? What are hurricanes in Northwest Pacific called? South Pacific and Indian Ocean?
Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale (Category 1 - Category 5); typhoon; cyclones
What scale is used to rate tornado intensity?
Enhanced Fujita scale (EF0 - EF5)
What effect describes the deflection of moving objects when the motion is described relative to a rotating reference frame?
Coriolis effect
What is Newton’s First Law of Motion?
An object in motion/at rest will stay in motion/at rest unless acted upon by an external force
What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
Force is equal to mass times acceleration
What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
