Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Second Grading Stuff > SCIENCE - 2nd Grading > Flashcards

SCIENCE - 2nd Grading Flashcards

1
Q

What type of evidence uses fossils to identify an animal’s evolution

A

Fossil Records

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of evidence uses the embryos to identify an animals evolution

A

Embryological Evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of evidence has two types and uses bone structure and functions to identify evolution

A

Structural Evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of Structural Evidence for evolution uses bone structure to identify an animals ancestry

A

Homologous Structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of Structural Evidence for evolution uses function to identify an animals ancestry

A

Analogous Structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of evidence uses genes to identify how closely related a species is another

A

Biochemical Evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the transfer of genetic material/alleles from one population to another

A

Gene Flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the change in allele frequency due to chance causing loss of genetic diversity and has two different types

A

Genetic Drift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of Genetic Drift involves small groups break off from the larger population

A

Found Effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of Genetic Drift effect is when the size of the population is reduced due to an event.

A

Bottleneck Effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do you call it when new alleles form through new variations that creates a new genetic variation needed for evolution

A

Mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is it when animals have unique features which help with mating success and has two types

A

Sexual Selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of Sexual Selection applies to males who display unique traits to attract females. One example being the birds of paradise

A

Intersexual Selections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of Sexual Selection applies when animals compete to win over a female. One example being stag beetles

A

Intrasexual Selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the process of a population of a species become so distinct from the original species and becoming a new species

A

Speciation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do you call to change in a population of organisms over a long period of time

A

Evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which scientist believe that a population of animals grows because of food availability

A

Thomas Robert Malthus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which scientist grouped animals and plants based according to their similar characteristics

A

Carolus Linnaeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What theory was proposed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck wherein an animals acquired traits during its lifetime can be passed to its offspring.

A

Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What theory was proposed by Georges Cuvier wherein a catastrophic event altered the way life developed

A

Theory of Catastrophism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What theory was proposed by Charles Darwin which states that members of a species will over time adapt to their environment

A

Theory of Natural Selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What major theory of natural selection states that members of a species will have natural variations in their genes due to sexual reproduction.

A

Variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the two types of Adaptation

A

Structural and Behavioral Adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

A

Natural Selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What do you call it when only the ones who can adapt will survive and failure to change will lead to extinction

A

Survival of the Fittest

26
Q

Helps in separating a double stranded DNA into single strands

A

Helicase or RNA polymerase

26
Q

Nucleotide bases with two pairings/rings

A

Purines

27
Q

The first step in DNA replication

A

Unwinding/Unzipping of DNA strands with the help of Helicase allowing each strand to be copied.

28
Q

The 2nd step of DNA replication

A

Complimentary Base Pairing
The pairing of purines

29
Q

What is the pair of Guanine

A

Cytosine

30
Q

What is the pair of Adenine in RNA

A

Uracil

31
Q

What is the pair of Thymine

A

Adenine

32
Q

An enzyme that synthesizes small pieces of RNA called primers

A

Primase

33
Q

Creates new copies of DNA in the form of nucleic acid molecules during Complimentary Base Pairing

A

DNA Polymerase

34
Q

Repairs damaged DNA and acts as a proofreader during the DNA replication fork progression

A

Exonuclease

35
Q

An enzyme that acts like a glue which binds the newly made strands together

A

DNA Ligase

36
Q

The process by which genetic information in DNA is transferred to an RNA molecule

A

Transcription

37
Q

chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 13) which causes cleft lip, low set ears, clenched hands

A

Patau Syndrome

38
Q

chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 21) delayed mental development, flattened face, and almond shaped eyes that slant up

A

Down Syndrome

39
Q

Syndrome wherein a female displays male characteristics

A

Turner Syndrome

40
Q

Syndrome wherein a male displays female characteristics

A

Klinefelter Syndrome

41
Q

A disease caused by inversion which causes blood having the inability to clot causing nosebleeds, bruises, and heavy menstruation.

A

Hemophilia

42
Q

A disease caused by deletion causing the eye to look similar to that of a feline

A

Cats eye syndrome

43
Q

A disease caused by insertion which causes the brain to gradually break down and loss of coordination

A

Huntington’s Disease

44
Q

A type of gland which lacks a duct

A

Endocrine Gland

45
Q

A type of gland which has a duct

A

Exocrine Gland

46
Q

A feedback mechanism wherein the response amplifies the changes.

A

Positive Feedback

47
Q

A feedback mechanism wherein the changes are reversed instead of amplified

A

Negative Feedback

48
Q

Sex hormone which develops male secondary sex characteristics

A

Testosterone

49
Q

Sex hormone which develops and maintains female secondary sex hormones and stimulates egg development

A

Estrogen and Progesterone

50
Q

How long does the menstrual cycle last

A

28 days

51
Q

Hormone that stimulates the secretion of male sex hormones

A

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

52
Q

Hormone that stimulates production of sperm in the seminiferous tubes tubules

A

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

53
Q

The first ever discharge of the blood from the vagina

A

Menarche

54
Q

The cycle in which the ovaries prepare the female body each month for possible pregnancy which has two distinct phases

A

The Ovarian Cycle

55
Q

What happens during the Follicular phase of the Ovarian Cycle

A

In the ovary an egg cell is enclosed inside a follicle. The follicle nourishes it until its mature. The ovum bursts from the follicle and is released into the fallopian tube where it waits to be fertilized.

56
Q

What do you call the process of the ovum bursting out of the follicle and being released into the fallopian tube

A

Ovulation

57
Q

What happens during the Luteal phase of the Ovarian Cycle

A

the follicle that bursts turns into a corpus luteum which secrets progesterone and estrogen causing the lining of the uterus to thicken.

58
Q

A sexual disease wherein the private parts produces pus and pain during urination

A

Gonorrhea

59
Q

A sexual disease which causes painless sores to appear

A

Syphilis

60
Q

A sexual disease with no known cure which causes the degradation of the immune system causing weight loss and diarrhea

A

AIDS

61
Q

itchy, painful, and blister like eruptions around the genital area that occurs 10 days after 🍆 🍩

A

Genital Herpes

Second Grading Stuff (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions