Science Flashcards
What is friction?
Friction is the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.
True or False: Friction always acts in the direction of motion.
False
What are the two main types of friction?
Static friction and kinetic (or dynamic) friction.
Fill in the blank: The force of friction depends on the _____ of the surfaces in contact.
nature
What is static friction?
Static friction is the friction that exists between a stationary object and the surface it’s on.
What is kinetic friction?
Kinetic friction is the frictional force acting between moving surfaces.
True or False: Kinetic friction is usually less than static friction.
True
What is the coefficient of friction?
The coefficient of friction is a numerical value that represents the frictional force between two bodies.
Fill in the blank: The coefficient of static friction is usually _____ than the coefficient of kinetic friction.
greater
What factors affect friction?
Surface texture, normal force, and the materials of the surfaces in contact.
How is the frictional force calculated?
Frictional force is calculated by multiplying the coefficient of friction by the normal force.
What role does lubrication play in friction?
Lubrication reduces friction by creating a barrier between surfaces.
True or False: Friction can generate heat.
True
What is rolling friction?
Rolling friction is the resistance encountered when an object rolls over a surface.
Which type of friction is generally the lowest: static, kinetic, or rolling?
Rolling friction.
Fill in the blank: Friction can be both _____ and _____ depending on the context.
beneficial, detrimental
What is the main disadvantage of friction?
It can cause wear and tear on materials and generate heat.
True or False: Increasing the surface area in contact always increases friction.
False
What is the purpose of friction in everyday life?
Friction allows us to walk, drive, and hold objects without slipping.
What is air resistance?
Air resistance is a type of friction that acts against objects moving through the air.
Fill in the blank: The direction of the frictional force is always _____ to the direction of motion.
opposite
What is the difference between dry and fluid friction?
Dry friction occurs between solid surfaces, while fluid friction occurs between a solid and a liquid or gas.
What happens to friction when surfaces are lubricated?
Friction decreases.
What does the term ‘slip’ refer to in the context of friction?
Slip refers to the relative motion between two surfaces in contact when static friction is overcome.
True or False: Friction is always a negative force.
False
What is boundary lubrication?
Boundary lubrication occurs when a thin film of lubricant separates two surfaces in contact.
What is the primary cause of earthquakes?
The movement of tectonic plates.
True or False: Tornadoes can only form over land.
True.
Fill in the blank: The process by which water vapor turns into liquid water is called __________.
condensation.
What scale is commonly used to measure the intensity of earthquakes?
The Richter scale.
Which natural phenomenon is characterized by a rotating column of air extending from a thunderstorm to the ground?
A tornado.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of precipitation? A) Rain B) Snow C) Hail D) Wind
D) Wind.
What is the term for a large ocean wave caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions?
Tsunami.
True or False: Hurricanes are classified by their wind speed.
True.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the layer of the Earth where tectonic plates float.
asthenosphere.
What phenomenon occurs when the sun is obscured by the moon?
A solar eclipse.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a greenhouse gas? A) Oxygen B) Carbon Dioxide C) Nitrogen D) Hydrogen
B) Carbon Dioxide.
What is the term for the gradual increase in Earth’s average temperature due to human activities?
Global warming.
True or False: Lightning can strike the same place multiple times.
True.
Fill in the blank: The __________ effect describes how the Earth’s atmosphere traps heat.
greenhouse.
What is the main driver of ocean currents?
Wind and the Earth’s rotation.
Multiple Choice: Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer? A) Troposphere B) Stratosphere C) Mesosphere D) Thermosphere
B) Stratosphere.
What phenomenon is described as the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust?
An earthquake.
True or False: All volcanic eruptions are explosive.
False.
Fill in the blank: A __________ is a large-scale weather pattern that can cause prolonged periods of rain or drought.
climate.
What is the term for the boundary between two tectonic plates?
Fault line.
Multiple Choice: Which natural disaster is measured using the Saffir-Simpson scale? A) Earthquake B) Hurricane C) Flood D) Tornado
B) Hurricane.
What is the phenomenon where water vapor in the atmosphere condenses into clouds?
Cloud formation.
True or False: The Coriolis effect influences wind patterns on Earth.
True.
Fill in the blank: The area of land that drains into a river is called its __________.
watershed.
What is the primary factor that influences climate in a region?
Latitude.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of severe weather? A) Fog B) Snow C) Blizzard D) Drizzle
C) Blizzard.
What is the phenomenon of air rising and cooling, leading to cloud formation and precipitation?
Convection.
