science Flashcards
What is decantation?
Decantation is the process of gently pouring off a liquid, leaving the sediment behind.
How does evaporation separate components of a mixture?
By heating the mixture, allowing the liquid to vaporize, leaving behind the solid components.
What is the significance of winnowing?
Winnowing separates lighter particles from heavier ones using the wind.
What is the function of roots?
Roots anchor the plant, absorb water and nutrients, and sometimes store food.
What is transpiration?
Transpiration is the process of water being absorbed by roots, traveling through the plant, and released as vapor through leaves.
What are the characteristics of monocot and dicot plants?
Monocots have one seed leaf, parallel veins, and flower parts in threes. Dicots have two seed leaves, net-like veins, and flower parts in fours or fives.
What are the three types of muscles?
Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
How do hinge joints differ from ball-and-socket joints?
Hinge joints allow movement in one direction, while ball-and-socket joints allow movement in multiple directions.
Describe the movement of earthworms.
Earthworms move by contracting and relaxing their muscles, using tiny bristles to grip the soil.
Define adaptation and give an example.
Adaptation is a characteristic that helps an organism survive. Example: Camels have long eyelashes and can store water.
How do plants and animals depend on each other?
Plants provide oxygen and food; animals provide carbon dioxide and aid in seed dispersal and pollination.
What is a habitat?
A habitat is the natural environment where an organism lives, like forests, deserts, oceans, or grasslands.
