Science

Question 1

What hormonal changes occur in a man’s body when he experiences muscle loss and fat gain?

Answer 1

Decreased testosterone levels.

Question 2

How might hormonal contraceptives affect the menstrual cycle?

Answer 2

They may reduce the levels of estrogen and progesterone.

Question 3

What is the role of FSH and LH in the male reproductive system?

Answer 3

FSH and LH stimulate the secretion of testosterone.

Question 4

Which hormone causes a mother’s breasts to produce milk after childbirth?

Answer 4

Prolactin.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a likely effect of estrogen during puberty in females?

Answer 5

Deepening of the voice.

Question 6

What condition results when the pituitary gland doesn’t produce enough LH and FSH?

Answer 6

Irregular menstruation.

Question 7

True or False: Luteinizing hormone stimulates the production of sex hormones.

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

True or False: Follicles produce progesterone to control the growth and release of egg cells.

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

True or False: Estrogen regulates the menstrual cycle.

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

True or False: Testosterone stimulates egg production.

Answer 10

FALSE

Question 11

True or False: Estrogen causes deepening of the voice.

Answer 11

FALSE

Question 12

True or False: Testosterone thickens the endometrium or uterine lining.

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

During which stage of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum form and produce progesterone?

Answer 13

Luteal phase.

Question 14

What happens during ovulation?

Answer 14

A mature egg is released from the ovary.

Question 15

What is the correct order of events in the feedback mechanism during labor and childbirth?

Answer 15

II, III, I, IV, V.

Question 16

What happens to estrogen and progesterone levels in the female reproductive system if fertilization and implantation don’t occur?

Answer 16

Estrogen and progesterone will decrease.

Question 17

What is a female’s positive feedback mechanism?

Answer 17

As the baby suckles, more prolactin is produced.

Question 18

Which feedback mechanism maintains the generally constant amounts of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone throughout the menstrual cycle?

Answer 18

Negative feedback.

Question 19

Which area of the brain maintains equilibrium during walking?

Answer 19

Cerebellum.

Question 20

Which statement about the central nervous system is TRUE?

Answer 20

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 21

Which statements correctly show how the nervous and endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 21

III and IV only.

Question 22

What will happen naturally if you unintentionally contact something hot?

Answer 22

Withdraw your hand.

Question 23

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system facilitates energy conservation in the body?

Answer 23

Parasympathetic Nervous System.

Question 24

How do Ryota Miyagi’s nervous and endocrine systems work to regulate his blood sugar levels after eating too much chocolate and candy?

Answer 24

Akagi’s hypothalamus will influence his pancreas to release insulin to lower blood sugar (glucose) levels.

Question 25

What might happen to Belle if her nervous and endocrine systems are unable to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 25

She might be more vulnerable to diseases and infections.

Question 26

Which amino acid corresponds to the AUG codon?

Answer 26

Methionine.

Question 27

What is the complementary DNA base sequence to TAG-CAC-GGG?

Answer 27

ATC-GTG-CCC.

Question 28

What type of mutation most likely caused the abnormal wing structure in the diagram?

Answer 28

A substitution.

Question 29

What is the correct order of events during protein synthesis?

Answer 29

II, V, I, III, and IV.

Question 30

Which point in the diagram illustrates the transcription process?

Answer 30

At point B.

Question 31

What is the term that best describes a change in the DNA sequence caused by substances that modify nucleotide bases?

Answer 31

Mutation.

Question 32

In what era are the oldest fossils located?

Answer 32

Precambrian.

Question 33

What kind of mutation is present in the sentence 'THE DOG BIT THE CAT CAT THE DOS GBI TTH ECA T TTH ECA T'?

Answer 33

Duplication.

Question 34

According to the chart, which species is most likely related to humans?

Answer 34

Gibbon (Apes).

Question 35

Where are fossil-rich sources typically found?

Answer 35

Within the strata of sedimentary rocks.

Question 36

How do scientists determine the ages of fossils?

Answer 36

Radioactive dating.

Question 37

How do most fossils form?

Answer 37

Living things die, and their remains are buried by sediments.

Question 38

What can be determined by observing the embryos in the diagram?

Answer 38

The organisms share a common ancestry.

Question 39

Which theory BEST explains the structural similarities between marine animals and fishes?

Answer 39

Marine mammals adapted to an environment like that of fishes.

Question 40

What does it mean when the wing of a bat and the forelimb of a dog are described as homologous structures?

Answer 40

They are structures that are similar due to common ancestry.

Question 41

Why did the original version of Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection lack a complete explanation for evolution?

Answer 41

The fact that accurate mechanisms explaining genetic inheritance were not widely known.

Question 42

Why did Darwin believe that giraffes have long necks?

Answer 42

Ancestral giraffes with necks slightly longer than others got more food and left more surviving offspring.

Question 43

What is Lamarck's theory that explains how an organism's acquired traits can be passed on to its offspring?

Answer 43

Theory of Acquired Characteristics.

Question 44

According to evolutionists, what is the best test to show the relatedness of two organisms?

Answer 44

Similarity in genomic DNA.

Question 45

Which statement is TRUE regarding Lamarck's and Darwin's theories of evolution?

Answer 45

Lamarck's theory proposes that acquired traits can be inherited, while Darwin's theory proposes that only genetic traits can be inherited.

Question 46

Which human activity would have the most negative impact on biodiversity in the Philippines?

Answer 46

The removal of plants from the food webs of which they are a part.

Question 47

What kind of adaptation allows creatures to blend in with their environment?

Answer 47

Camouflage.

Question 48

Which process demonstrates the following statement: 'The ones that make it will impart their advantageous features to their offspring. The population will eventually create organisms that differ from their ancestors in terms of features after many years'?

Answer 48

Natural Selection.

Question 49

What is likely to happen to a guinea pig population if the breeder notices that the young guinea pigs are less healthy, more die, and they are more aggressive towards one another?

Answer 49

The population will decrease.

Question 50

Why do organisms need to constantly adapt to their environment?

Answer 50

Survive and reproduce.

Question 51

What connection does population density have with conditions like high crime rates, not enough transportation, and high numbers of patients in hospitals?

Answer 51

Challenge of high population density.

Question 52

Which mechanism causes the gene pool of two populations to change?

Answer 52

Gene flow.

Question 53

What happens when a population exceeds the environment's carrying capacity?

Answer 53

Death rate may rise.

Question 54

Which factor does NOT limit population growth?

Answer 54

Migration.