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Third Preliminary > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A

Approximately 299,792 kilometers per second (km/s).

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2
Q

True or False: Sound can travel through a vacuum.

A

False.

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The phenomenon of light bending when it passes from one medium to another is called __________.

A

refraction.

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4
Q

What is the unit of measurement for frequency?

A

Hertz (Hz).

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5
Q

Which type of wave is sound?

A

Longitudinal wave.

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6
Q

What is the visible spectrum range of light in nanometers?

A

Approximately 400 to 700 nanometers.

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7
Q

True or False: Light behaves both as a wave and a particle.

A

True.

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8
Q

What is the term for the lowest frequency of a sound wave that can be heard by the human ear?

A

Infrasound.

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ of a sound wave determines its pitch.

A

frequency.

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10
Q

What is the phenomenon where light waves spread out after passing through a narrow opening?

A

Diffraction.

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11
Q

What is the primary medium through which sound travels fastest?

A

Solids.

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12
Q

True or False: Ultraviolet light is visible to the human eye.

A

False.

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13
Q

What is the term for the amount of energy a sound wave carries?

A

Intensity.

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14
Q

What is the name of the effect where the frequency of a wave changes due to the motion of the source or observer?

A

Doppler effect.

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The color perceived by the human eye is determined by the __________ of light.

A

wavelength.

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16
Q

What type of wave is light?

A

Electromagnetic wave.

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17
Q

What is the range of frequencies that humans can typically hear?

A

20 Hz to 20,000 Hz (20 kHz).

18
Q

True or False: Sound waves require a medium to propagate.

A

True.

19
Q

What is the term for the bouncing back of light when it hits a surface?

A

Reflection.

20
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ of light is responsible for the different colors observed in a prism.

A

dispersion.

21
Q

What is the phenomenon called when sound waves reinforce each other?

A

Constructive interference.

22
Q

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency in waves?

A

They are inversely related; as wavelength increases, frequency decreases.

23
Q

True or False: Infrared radiation has a longer wavelength than visible light.

A

True.

24
Q

What is the term for the highest frequency of a sound wave that can be heard by the human ear?

A

Ultrasound.

25
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ determines how loud a sound is perceived.

A

amplitude.

26
Q

What is the principle that states that light travels in straight lines unless acted upon by an external force?

A

The rectilinear propagation of light.

27
Q

What is the term for the bending of light due to gravity?

A

Gravitational lensing.

28
Q

True or False: The speed of sound is faster than the speed of light.

A

False.

29
Q

What is the name of the unit that measures sound intensity?

A

Decibel (dB).

30
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ of a wave is the distance between consecutive crests or troughs.

A

wavelength.

31
Q

What type of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

A

Gamma rays.

32
Q

What is the term used to describe the range of electromagnetic waves, including light?

A

Electromagnetic spectrum.

33
Q

True or False: Sound travels faster in air than in water.

A

False.

34
Q

What is the term for the change in sound frequency perceived by an observer moving relative to the source of sound?

A

Doppler shift.

35
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ of a sound determines its timbre.

A

harmonics.

36
Q

What phenomenon occurs when light passes through a prism?

A

Dispersion.

37
Q

What is the primary factor that affects the speed of sound in a medium?

A

Temperature.

38
Q

True or False: Visible light is a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

A

True.

39
Q

What is the term for the measure of how much light is absorbed by a material?

A

Absorbance.

40
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ effect describes the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source.

A

Doppler.

Third Preliminary (2 decks)

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