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1
Q

all weather begins with ____

A

all weather begins with heat.

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2
Q

what does a meteorologist study.

A

the weather.

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3
Q

the ________ is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific place and time.

A

weather

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4
Q

the _______ is the weather condition over a long period of time.

A

the climate is the weather condition over a long period of time.

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5
Q

the _____ of a vortex has the highest speed winds.

A

the center has the highest speed winds.

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6
Q

As the intensity of a hurricane increases, the air pressure will

A

As the intensity of a hurricane increases, the air pressure will decrease.

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7
Q

Why are hurricane names retired?

A

large amount of death and damage occured.

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8
Q

What is the main difference between a tropical storm and a hurricane?

A

wind speed.

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9
Q

Hurricanes usually form over what temperature of water?

A

warm.

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10
Q

Hurricanes are large, circular storms with a calm center called the:

A

The eye.

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11
Q

In order to be a category 1 hurricane, it has to have sustained wind speed of at least what?

A

74 Mph.

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12
Q

Tornadoes and Hurricanes both spiral.

A

True.

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13
Q

Tornadoes form from t’storms, when 2 air masses of different temp. and humidity meet.

A

true.

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14
Q

In the 3 stages of a t’storm…when can a tornado form?

A

the mature stage.

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15
Q

Tornadoes form most often in Tornado & Dixie Alley because warm moist air from South meets cool dry air from North.

A

True.

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16
Q

When a tornado has been spotted it is called a tornado _______

A

warning.

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17
Q

Which statement describes the heating and cooling rates of soil and water?

A

soil heats & cools quickly, and water heats & cools slowly.

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18
Q

Reason for land breezes and sea breezes.

A

convection.

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19
Q

land breezes occur at _____.

A

Night.

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20
Q

The three types of Heat Transfer are Radiation, Conduction, & Convection.

A

TRUE.

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21
Q

How does conduction transfer heat?

A

through touch.

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22
Q

Which best describes heat transfer by radiation?

A

a camp fire warming up your hand.

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23
Q

Warm air (or water) will rise because it is

A

less dense.

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24
Q

What are jet streams?

A

very strong winds that are high in the atmosphere.

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25
Air masses are________________
large areas of air with similar temps, humidity & pressure.
26
Air masses from Central America bring _______ air to south central US.
hot, dry.
27
what is it called when Air masses from Pacific Ocean brings WARM, HUMID air to Southwest US
it's called maritime tropical.
28
Air masses from the Gulf of Mexico bring ________ air to eastern US.
warm, humid.
29
Air masses from northern Canada bring _____ air to central and eastern US.
canada brings cold, dry air masses.
30
what is it called when Air masses from Central America bring HOT, DRY air to south central US.
it is called continental tropical.
31
what is it called when Air masses from the Gulf of Mexico bring WARM, HUMID air to eastern US
Maritime Tropical.
32
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
the stratosphere.
33
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the auroras?
the ionosphere.
34
what happens When convection occurs in the atmosphere
warm air rises and cold air sinks.
35
The source of energy which is responsible for convection currents in oceans & the atmosphere.
the sun.
36
Convection in warm and cold ocean waters cause _________________________.
ocean currents.
37
Convection in the atmosphere causes ___________
wind.
38
convection in the ocean causes ___________.
ocean currents.
39
what is condensation nuclei?
tiny particles (dust,salt, pollen,ash)needed to form clouds
40
which clouds are found in high altitudes?
cirrostratus and cirrocumulus
41
Which clouds are found in low altitudes?
cumulus, nimbostratus, stratus, and stratocumulus.
41
What role does a condensation nuclei play in cloud formation?
they provide a surface for water molecules to condense onto.
42
cloud that covers the entire sky
nimbo-stratus.
43
This cloud bring thunderstorms and possibly hail
cumulonimbus
44
This cloud brings overcast skies and often rain
stratus.
45
Which clouds are found in mid altitudes?
altostratus and altocumulus
46
this cloud brings fair weather.
cumulus
47
this is a cloud on the ground
fog.
48
Feathery, wispy cloud made of ice crystals
cirrus
49
Low clouds in blanket-like layers
stratus
50
Which of these properties does NOT describe a nimbostratus cloud?
white.
51
Low air pressure brings
precipitation
52
What is sublimation in the water cycle?
solid ice turning directly into water vapor.
53
In the water cycle infiltration is when...
water seeps into ground
54
What two main factors drive the water cycle?
energy from the sun and the force of gravity pulling water to Earth
55
Where does some water from the water cycle collect underground?
aquifers
56
Which part of the water cycle is "from plants"?
transpiration.
57
Which part of the water cycle is "making" clouds?
condensation
58
Which parts of the water cycle turn liquid into a gas (water vapor)?
evaporation and transpiration
59
_____ of the Earth is covered by water.
71%;
60
Freshwater makes up ____ of all the water on Earth.
2.5%
61
this adds carbon to the carbon cycle.
burning fossil fuels and deforestation.
62
CARBON FOOTPRINT
measures the amount of greenhouse gases emitted from actions
63
What is NOT a way to reduce your Carbon Footprint?
always leave all electronics plugged in
64
Non-renewable resources-
materials from the earth that cannot be replaced quickly
65
Non-renewable resources examples
fossil fuels, coal, nuclear, oil, and gas.
66
Renewable resources...
can be replaced within your lifetime.
67
Renewable resources examples
Sun, Wind Energy, Water, And Wind.
68
What affects ocean currents?
salinty, density, and temperature.
69
What causes surface ocean currents to curve?
earth spins (rotates) on its axis.
70
Warm currents move warm ocean water from near the equator toward _____________ polar regions.
cooler
71
What causes ocean currents?
convection
72
What are the 4 major Earth systems?
hydrosphere, biosphere, geosphere, atmosphere
73
instrument that measures wind speed.
anemoter
74
This weather instrument measures humidity.
hygrometer
75
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
stratosphere
76
Which layer of the atmosphere begins to burn up meteors?
mesosphere
77
A warm front is moving into the area, which type of weather will most likely result?
cloudy skies & rainy weather
78
What type of weather can cold front bring?
thunderstorms.
79
what is an energy resource?
something that can produce heat, power life, move objects, or produce electricity.
80
fossil fuel.
pressure and heat transform fossils into coal, oil, and natural gas.
81
natural gas-
mainly methane and used for cooking.
82
carbon foot.
total amount of carbon generated by our actions.
83
three hurricane stages.
cumulus stage - mature stage - dissipating stage.
84
____________ is a plant or animal material used as fuel to produce electricity or heat.
Bio-Mass.
85
the sun is considered the ultimate energy source because it __________
because it provides energy for biomass, solar and powers the water cycle.
86
two sources of inexhaustible energy are...
wind turbines,
87
how high is the troposphere?
0-7 miles high.
88
how high is the stratosphere?
7-31 miles high.
89
how high is the mesosphere?
31-50 miles high.
90
how high is the thermosphere?
50-440 miles high.
91
how high up is the exosphere?
440-6290 miles high.
92
radiation heating definition?
electromagnetic radiation.
93
an air mass takes on the characteristics of what?
the land it hovers above.
94
what cloud looks like a fish scale?
cirro-cumulus.
95
what do cirrocumulus clouds predict?
that fair, but cold weather is coming.
96
what do all high altitude clouds have in common.
made of crystals.
97
what percent of solar energy is absorbed by atmosphere & clouds?
19%
98
how much of the sun's energy actually hits our land?
half / 50%
99
winds that form between the equator and poles are called what?
Global winds.
100
jet streams blow from _____ to _______
east west.
101
pouch like clouds
mammatus.
102
mammatus indicate -
severe weather.
103
bio-mass turns into what when birned?
heat energy.
104
wind speed _______ as the intensity of the storm increases.
increases.
104
photovoltaic cells convert energy from the sun into ______
electricity.
105
what do winds blowing across the ocean produce?
surface ocean currents.
106
category 1 hurricane
74-95
107
category 2 hurricane
95-110
108

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