science Flashcards
living things and cells
What are living things
An organism is a living thing
The characteristics of all living things
Cells, Nutrition, Excretion, Response, Reproduction.
Explain Cells
the basic building blocks of living things
Explain Nutrition
the way in which living things get
their food
explain excretion
the way in which livings things get rid of waste
Exlain reproduction
The way in which living things produce new living things
Explain response
The way in which living things react to changes in their Surroundings
Five major group of living things
Animals
Fungi
Plants
Bacteria
Others(protists)
Bacteria
Tiny microscopic living things. Some cause diseases, some cause decay, some are yoused to produce valuable substances
Fungi
Mushroom, molds and yeast
Others(protists )
Seaweed, amoeda
What are vertebrates
Animal with backbone
Invertabrates
Animal with no backbone
Animal that are invertabrates
Spider
Earthworm
Jellyfish
Fly
Animal that r vertebrates
Horse
Seagull
Frog
Snake
Animal cell have
A cell membrane
A nucleus
Cytoplasm
Draw animal cell
Cell membrane
It is a very thin layer that surrounds the cells
Function of cell membrane
Its function is to hold the cell content in its place and control what passes into an out of the cell
Example of cell membrane function
Example is when we exercise our muscle cells allow glucose and oxygen to pass in from our blood cell to supply energy to the cells
Nucleus and function
The nucleus is normally around, its function is to act as the control center of the cell
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is a watery liquid found between the nucleus and the cell membrane
Cytoplasm function
Its function are to carry out some Cell reactions and two support tiny cell structures
Plant cells
Plant cells have five main parts
A cell wall
A cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Vacuole
What is cell wall
A cell wall is found outside the cell membrane in plant cells
Function of cell wall
Its function is to give strength to the plant cell. This is needed because plants do not have skeletons the cell wall makes plant cell stronger and less flexible than animal cell
Cell membrane of plant cell
Animal cell membrane and plant cell membrane are similar
Vacuole
Give strength to the cell
The parts of microscope
eye piece lens
Focus knobs
Objective lens
Nose piece
Stage
Clips
Mirror or light
the light microscope
A microscope is used to view objects that are too small to be seen by eyesight alone
Objective lens
Eat objective lens and have different magnification, the total magnification is found by multiplying the powers of the eyepiece and objective lenses being used
Power of eye piece x power of objective lens = total magnification
Eye piece lens
It is the lens that is nearest to your eye, if it is marked times 10, it makes the object 10 times larger
Focus knob or course knob
The cars Focus knob is used to see the image clearly at low magnification.
Nose piece
It can rotate to move different objective lenses into position
Clips
clips are used to hold the microscope in place
Stage
It is it is used to support the microscopes slide. It has a hole in the center to allow light to pass through
Mirror or light
It is used to reflect light from a lamp up through the object some microscopes have a light instead of a mirror
The main steps in getting and using foods are
ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Assimilation
Egestion
Ingestion
Taking in food
Digestion
Breaking down food
Absorption
Taking digested food from our intestine into our blood
Assimilation
Using the food in the cells of the body
Egestion
Discharge of undigested waste
Parts of digestive system
Mouth, oesophagus, liver, stomach, pancreas, large intestine, small intestine, rectum, anus
