science

Question 1

During a unit on organisms and environments, Mr. Woodland wants his second-grade students to identify factors in the environment that affect plant growth. Students design investigations that involve growing bean plants in paper cups and exposing the plants to environmental variables of their choice. After the beans sprout, the students measure and record the heights of their bean plants. At the end of the investigation, students will be asked to present their data in a way that will be quick and easy to understand. Which of the following is the best way to incorporate technology into this lesson?
Have students record and graph their data in a spreadsheet that they can access each time they make a measurement.

correct
Option a is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A spreadsheet is the best use of technology for this activity. It will allow students easy access to data that is collected over a period of time. Making a graph with a spreadsheet can be quick and students can experiment with different types of graphs and select the best graph for their presentation.

Have students take an online, multiple-choice test of their understanding after the activities are complete.

Have students search the internet to help them figure out which environmental variables they can change and control.

Provide students with electronic balances for measuring the masses of their beans each day.

Answer 1

Have students record and graph their data in a spreadsheet that they can access each time they make a measurement.

Question 2

Which of the following is the best example of a behavioral adaptation?

Grizzly bears in Alaska will hibernate in the winter.

Brightly colored male birds attract female birds for reproduction.

A tiger’s sharp claws allows it to easily tear open its prey.

Flounders on the floor of the Gulf coast use colored scales to hide from predators.

Answer 2

This is a behavioral adaptation because the grizzly bears perform a behavior (hibernation) in response to the environment.

Question 3

The Moon’s gravity pulled on the Apollo 11 rocket as it landed on the Moon. Which of the following statements correctly compares the Moon’s gravitational force on Apollo 11 with Apollo 11’s gravitational force on the Moon?

Apollo 11 did not pull on the Moon because its mass was so small.

Apollo 11’s force on the Moon was smaller and in the opposite direction.

The Moon and Apollo 11 exerted the same amount of force in the same direction.

The Moon and Apollo 11 exerted the same amount of force but in opposite directions.

Answer 3

The Moon and Apollo 11 exerted the same amount of force but in opposite directions.

Question 4

A student measures the volume of 12.8 ml of liquid with a graduated cylinder, checking the measurement three times to obtain volumes of 13.2 ml, 13.2 ml, and 13.1 ml. The student’s measurements are:

accurate but not precise.

neither accurate nor precise.

precise but not accurate.

both precise and accurate.

Answer 4

precise but not accurate.

Question 5

Mrs. Conner wants to pre-assess the class regarding their knowledge of the periodic table of elements, inquire about their interest in the subject, then follow up with what students have learned. Which of the following formative assessment tools would be a good choice for Mrs. Conner?

Concept Map

K-W-L chart

Venn Diagram

T-Chart

Answer 5

K-W-L chart

Question 6

Which of the following is not a major component of the earth’s atmosphere?

Carbon dioxide

Oxygen

Fluorine

Nitrogen

Answer 6

Fluorine

Question 7

As a demonstration during a unit on plate tectonics, a teacher holds an aluminum pie plate over a smoky candle and has the students observe how the smoke spreads and moves around and over the edges of the plate. Which of the following is demonstrated by the movement of the smoke?

condensation

conduction

convection

radiation

Answer 7

convection

Question 8

Which activity would be appropriate for a second-grade class studying the water cycle?

having students engage with an online website that has various videos explaining the water cycle

having groups use easily accessible materials (such as rocks, popsicle sticks, etc.) to build a 3D model of the water cycle

researching the impact of global warming on the water cycle and writing a report

completing a worksheet that labels each part of the water cycle and how they work

Answer 8

having groups use easily accessible materials (such as rocks, popsicle sticks, etc.) to build a 3D model of the water cycle

Question 9

During a unit on cell structures, a teacher would like to gauge student understanding. Which of the following formative assessments would be most useful for this purpose?

asking the students to collaborate with partners and create a Venn diagram of organelles and which types of cells they belong to

administering a unit test over cell organelles and functions

asking students to build a model of one type of cell and label the organelles

asking students to write an essay describing the differences between cell types

Answer 9

asking the students to collaborate with partners and create a Venn diagram of organelles and which types of cells they belong to

Question 10

During a unit on cell structures, a teacher would like to gauge student understanding. Which of the following formative assessments would be most useful for this purpose?

asking the students to collaborate with partners and create a Venn diagram of organelles and which types of cells they belong to

administering a unit test over cell organelles and functions

asking students to build a model of one type of cell and label the organelles

asking students to write an essay describing the differences between cell types

Answer 10

asking the students to collaborate with partners and create a Venn diagram of organelles and which types of cells they belong to

Question 11

In the water cycle, energy from the sun heats the water, changing the liquid water into a gas. It loses energy and falls back to Earth. Which step in the water cycle is depicted by #1 in the diagram shown?

precipitation

evaporation

runoff

condensation

Answer 11

condensation

Question 12

A basketball player holds a basketball, ready to jump and shoot the ball. The player jumps in the air and shoots the ball toward the basket. Which of the following energy transformations occurs to power the player’s jump shot?

chemical energy to kinetic energy

thermal energy to sound energy

mechanical energy to electrical energy

light energy to thermal energy

Answer 12

chemical energy to kinetic energy

Question 13

Which macromolecule provides long-term energy storage and insulation?

nucleic acids

proteins

carbohydrates

lipids

Answer 13

lipids

Question 14

A polar air mass that originates over land would most likely be described as:

warm and dry.

warm and humid.

cold and dry.

cold and humid.

Answer 14

cold and dry.

Question 15

Which quality would a scientist be measuring if he were using an anemometer?

humidity

wind speed

rainfall

atmospheric pressure

Answer 15

wind speed

Question 16

Mr. Harris has several English-language learners in his classroom. He is currently beginning a unit about circuits. Which of the following activities will be most effective in engaging Mr. Harris’ English-language learners in a lesson?

having students read a web page about circuits and why they work

using a drawing of a light bulb while explaining why they produce light

listing and defining vocabulary words associated with circuits on the board while students copy the words and definitions

giving students bulbs, batteries, and connecting wires and asking them to try to make the bulbs light up

Answer 16

giving students bulbs, batteries, and connecting wires and asking them to try to make the bulbs light up

Question 17

Which of the following sources of energy is nonrenewable?

biomass fuel

solar power

natural gas

hydropower

Answer 17

natural gas

Question 18

During a lesson on waves, Ms. Chavez asks her students to stand side-by-side in a long line and link elbows. She asks them to be ready to squat when someone tugs their elbow down and stand back up when someone tugs their elbow up. Ms. Chavez goes to one end of the line, links elbows, squats and stands back up. As she squats, she naturally tugs downward on the elbow of the student next to her, who then tugs downward on the next student and so on. As she stands again she naturally tugs upward on the student next to her, and the signal moves down the line. The result is a wave that starts with Ms. Chavez and travels down the line of students. Each student squats and stands as the wave passes.

Which of the following concepts about waves is Ms. Chavez most likely trying to teach?

the nature of a longitudinal wave

the nature of a transverse wave

the nature of a sound wave

the nature of a wavelength

Answer 18

the nature of a transverse wave

Question 19

After completing a unit on graphing data, students are given the following table and asked what type of graph is most appropriate for displaying this data. What should they use?

Preferred Flavor of Ice Cream
None
Chocolate
Vanilla
Mint Chocolate Chip
Other

Number of Students
6
184
109
88
152

histogram

circle graph

double bar graph

line graph

Answer 19

circle graph

Question 20

The earth is divided into four distinct layers. Which layer is composed of very hot, liquid material?

outer core

crust

inner core

mantle

Answer 20

outer core

Question 21

Susanne and Xavier are workers on a road construction crew. When lifting a rock, Xavier lifts the rock straight up, but Susanne uses a lever, as shown.

Neglecting any friction, which worker does the most work lifting the same rock to a height of 2 inches off the ground? Assume the weight of the lever is negligible.

Susanne does more work because she must move the lever farther.

Xavier does more work because he uses only his muscles to lift the rock.

Xavier does more work because he must pull upward, whereas Susanne can push downward.

Both do the same amount of work.

Answer 21

Both do the same amount of work.