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Science Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

species

A

same kind of living organism

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2
Q

Biological Diversity

A

The variety of species and ecosystems on earth

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3
Q

population

A

Group of individuals of the same species living in a area

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4
Q

Ecosystem

A

A environment where living things interact

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5
Q

Community

A

A group of population of different species living together in the same place

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6
Q

symbiosis

A

a relationship between 2 species

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7
Q

commensalism

A

A relationship where one is one does not benefit or is harmed and the other benefits

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8
Q

Mutualism

A

A relationship where both benefit

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9
Q

Parasitism

A

A relationship where one benefits and the other is harmed

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10
Q

Interspecies competition

A

2 or more species using the same limited resources

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11
Q

Niche

A

the role of a living organism

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12
Q

Resource partitioning

A

Division of a resource among 2 or more species

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13
Q

Variability

A

Variations between a species

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14
Q

Natural selection

A

Environment chooses which indualvids survive or die

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15
Q

Heritable Characteristics

A

Characteristics that are passed down from generation to generation EX:Eye color

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16
Q

Non-Heritable Characteristics

A

Characteristics caused by the environment (not passed down from generations)EX:Dyed hair

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17
Q

Discrete Variation

A

Either/or characteristics

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18
Q

Continuous variation

A

Characteristics that have a range and change throughout life EX:Height

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19
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Involves one parent and without the use of sex cells

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20
Q

Binary fission

A

A type of Asexual reproduction where the organism splits in 2

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21
Q

Budding

A

A type of Asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from a outgrowth

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22
Q

Spores

A

A cell produced by asexual reproduction in some organisms

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23
Q

Vegetative Reproduction

A

Asexual reproduction in plants that don’t make a seed

24
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

Reproduction involving the exchange of male/female sex cells

25
Q

Gametes

A

A sex cell

26
Q

Fertilization

A

Union of female sex cell and male sex cell

27
Q

Zygote

A

A fertilized egg

28
Q

Cleavage

A

The first divisions of a fertilized egg

29
Q

Embryo

A

A underdeveloped organism in its starting stages

30
Q

Cross pollination

A

The transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another

31
Q

Cross fertilization

A

The joining of a gamete from a pollen grain and a gamete from a ovule to form a zygote

32
Q

DNA

A

Genetic material found mainly in the nuclei of cells

33
Q

Genetic code

A

arrangement of 4 chemical letters

34
Q

Chromosomes

A

a structure in which DNA is arranged and along which are located

35
Q

Gene

A

A segment of DNA

36
Q

Allels

A

a possible form of a gene

37
Q

mitosis

A

a type of cell division that produces 2 similar daughter cells

38
Q

meiosis

A

a type of cell division that produces 4 sex cells from 1 parent

39
Q

trait

A

characteristics of an organism

40
Q

purebred

A

plant or animal with same ancestors and same form of trait

41
Q

Hybrid

A

a organism produced by crossing 2 different purebreds for a trait

42
Q

dominant trait

A

the outward form observed when 2 opposite acting alleles are inherited

43
Q

recessive trait

A

the outward form observed when 2 same, non dominant alleles are inherited

44
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

A pattern of inheritance seen when 2 different alleles are present at the same gene location

45
Q

Extinction

A

no longer in existence on the planet

46
Q

Extirpation

A

Extinction of a organism in a specific place

47
Q
A
48
Q
A
49
Q
A
50
Q

Clone

A

A genetically identical copy of an entire organism or of its cells or genes

51
Q

Artificial insemination

A

Artificial collection and injection of sperm from a male into a female

52
Q

In vitro fertilization

A

Fertilization that happens outside the body, usually in a petri dish

53
Q

Genetic engineering

A

The intentional altering of the DNA of an organism or a population of organisms

54
Q

In-situ conservation

A

The maintenance of wild organisms within their functioning ecosystems

55
Q

Ex-situ conservation

A

The maintenance of organisms outside of their ecosystems or natural habitats

56
Q

Poop

A

Caca

Science grade9 (2 decks)

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