Science

Question 1

What is a controlled experiment?

Answer 1

A lab investigation in which all the variables are kept the same (constants) except for the one that is changed

Question 2

What is the independent/ tested variable?

Answer 2

What the scientist manipulates or tests on purpose

Question 3

What is the dependent or responding variable?

Answer 3

The results that are measured/ observed, the outcome.

Question 4

Controlled variable

Answer 4

Factors that are controlled so that they don’t affect the dependent variable.

Question 5

What is observation

Answer 5

The skill of recognizing and noting some fact or event in the natural world. Observation includes the act of measuring.

Question 6

What is a field study?

Answer 6

A scientific study of free living plants or animals in which the subjects are observed in their natural habitat without changing, harming, or altering the setting or subjects.

Question 7

What is a model?

Answer 7

A simplified representation of a system. Models are useful for studying systems that are too big, too small, too complex, or too dangerous to study directly.

Question 8

What does unicellular mean?

Answer 8

Organisms that are made of only one cell

Question 9

What does multicellular mean?

Answer 9

Organisms that are made of more that one cell

Question 10

What is an autotroph?

Answer 10

Also known as producers. Organisms that produce their own food for energy. They use either photosynthesis (ex: plants) or chemosynthesis (ex: bacteria)
Includes plants, some bacteria, algae, etc.

Question 11

What is a heterotroph?

Answer 11

Eats other organisms to get protein and energy. Also known as consumers. Includes animals, most bacteria, fungi, etc.

Question 12

What is sexual reproduction?

Answer 12

Offspring is a mixture of both parents’ DNA.

Question 13

What is asexual reproduction?

Answer 13

Offspring’s DNA is identical to its parents, essentially being a clone of its parent.

Question 14

What are prokaryotes?

Answer 14

Do not contain organelles or a nucleus

Question 15

What are organelles?

Answer 15

Kind of like tiny organs in your cells

Question 16

What are eukaryotes?

Answer 16

Organisms that contain organelles and nuclei.
Fun fact: red blood cells have organelles, but no nucleus.

Question 17

What does the nucleus do?

Answer 17

The nucleus tells the organelles what to do, they are kind of like the brain of the cell.

Question 18

Which came first, eukaryotes or prokaryotes?

Answer 18

Eukaryotes evolved after prokaryotes.

Question 19

What are the characteristics or archaea?

Answer 19

Prokaryote
Exist in extreme environments
Unicellular
Asexual reproduction
Some autotrophs, some heterotrophs

Question 20

What are the characteristics of bacteria?

Answer 20

Asexual reproduction
Prokaryote
No extreme environments
Unicellular
Mostly heterotrophs, some autotrophs

Question 21

What are the characteristics of eukaryotes?

Answer 21

Four kingdoms
Have nuclei/organelles
More complex

Question 22

Characteristics of animals?

Answer 22

Heterotrophs
Multicellular
Sexual reproduction

Question 23

Characteristics of plants

Answer 23

Autotrophs
Multicellular
Sexual and asexual reproduction

Question 24

What are the Characteristics of fungi?

Answer 24

Heterotroph
Multicellular
Sexual and asexual reproduction

Question 25

What are the characteristics of protists?

Answer 25

Can be either heterotrophs or autotrophs. Some are multicellular, but most are unicellular. Some reproduce sexually, but most reproduce asexually. Any eukaryote that’s not classified as a play, animal, or fungus belongs in the protist kingdom.

Question 26

What are the three domains?

Answer 26

Archaea, eukaryotes, bacteria

Question 27

What are the six kingdoms?

Answer 27

Archaea, animals, plants, fungi, protists, bacteria

Question 28

Which kingdoms are part of which domains?

Answer 28

Archaea—Archaea Bacteria—Bacteria Eukaryotes— Animals Plants Fungi Protists

Question 29

What are inferences?

Answer 29

Inferences are logical statements based on observations. They are what you think.

Question 30

What are constants and controls?

Answer 30

Constants are all the variables that are kept the same in all groups. The control group is very important because it allows you to compare with the test group. It is the group that you don’t give the “treatment” to.