Science Flashcards
George Gamow discovered this process via quantum tunneling
Radioactive decay
A sample undergoes this process over a timeframe called Half life
Radioactive decay
The presence of deuterium rather than the normal protium characterizes the ‘heavy’ form of this molecule
Water
This molecule is known as the “universal solvent”
Water
The Doppler redshift caused by this force was studied in the Pound-Rebka experiment
Gravity
This force’s namesake constant is approximately 6.67 times ten to the negative eleventh meters cubed over kilograms times seconds squared
Gravity
Norman Good once selected 12 of these types of compounds, including Tricine and Bicine
Buffer solutions
identify these solutions made up of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or vice versa.
Buffer solutions
Due to Le Chatelier’s Principle, their pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to them
Buffer solutions
When light hits a convex lens on a glass plane, an effect known as this physicist’s namesake “rings” occurs
Sir Isaac Newton
but this man wrote about his experiments using a prism in Opticks
Sir Isaac Newton
This element is fixed in the Haber process and bonds with carbon to form cyanide
Nitrogen
Azides and amines are functional groups composed of this element
Nitrogen
Males who carry this disease are infertile due to the congenital absence of the vas deferens
Cystic Fibrosis
Heterozygotes who carry this disease may have a resistance to cholera
Cystic Fibrosis
Location on this body was named after Octavia Butler in 2021
Mars
“Societies” of this class of animals were the subject of a 1971 book by EO Wilson
Insecta(insects)
In the class eusociality is a trait of orders like Hymenoptera.
Insecta(insects)
One of these gems known as la peregrina was owned by Mary the first.
Pearls
Dark spots on this object usually appear in pairs with opposite magnetic polarity.
Sun
This object’s winds get deflected by earth’s magnetosphere.
Sun
Yellow dwarf
Sun
Ammonia process
Haber-Bosch process
Crown formation of organ promoted by ethylene
Roots
RAM
Random access memory
Greek atom concept person
Democritus
Plum pudding model
JJ Thomson
Scientific method steps
Five
Formulation
Hypothesis
Prediction
Testing
Analysis
Scientific method inventor
Francis bacon
Shape with nine point circle
Triangle
Angles in triangle add up to 180 degrees
Euclid parallel postulate
Line through Center of nine point circle
Euler line
Mix between two species
Hybrids
Class of compounds with core structure of 17 carbons
Steroids
Abused by sports as performance enhancer
Steroids
God does not play dice with the universe
Einstein
Cat in box experiment
Schrodinger
Science of really small particles with discrete energy levels
Quantum mechanics or quantum physics
Zone of plucking
Erosion
Occurs to bedrock due to Glacial movement
Erosion
Major energy sources of weathering
Sun and earth’s heat
Commercially produced in the Hunter process
Titanium
Atomic number 22
Titanium
Kroll process
Titanium
John Edmund kerrich ran this experiment 2000 times as prisoner of war
Coin toss
Radioactive decay discoverer
Henri Becquerel
Forms a gas with hydrogen in Marsh test
Arsenic
Paul ehrlich discovered magic bullet for disease
Syphilis
Poisonous yellow metalloid with atomic number 33 and symbol As
Arsenic
Weakest fundamental force
Gravity
g is constant for earth value is
9.8 m/s^2
Isolated by Friedlieb Runge and used for preventing onset of tired signals
Caffeine
Radio inventor
Guglielmo Marconi
Waves reflected off the ionosphere
Radio waves
Trajectory of object moving faster than escape velocity
Hyperbola
( two bows that are mirror images of each other)
Used for testing unsaturation in hydrocarbons
Bromine
Atomic number 35
Bromine
Bromine symbol
Br
Neighbour of krypton
Bromine
Lovejoy is one of these objects
Comets
Comet with designation 1P and orbit of 75 years
Halley’s Comet
Upslope form of this phenomenon occurs in the Great Plains
Fog
Other name of gills
Branchia
Seed bearing organs
Fruits
Used for classification of fruits
Number of cotyledons
Observable universe size
93 billion light years
9.46 trillion kilometers
Light year
3.2 light years
Parsec
Effects of wind are quantified on this scale
Beaufort Scale
Strong breeze corresponds to Force 6 named after an Irish rear admiral
Beaufort scale
These organelles help break down long chain fatty acids
Peroxisomes
These organelles produce a namesake compound with formula H2o2 as a byproduct
Peroxisomes
Organelles that are site of translation and are responsible for assembling proteins
Ribosomes
Briggs law is used in a technique based on this type of radiation used to determine structure of DNA
X-rays
Wilhelm Rontgen is credited with discovering this type of radiation
X-Rays
These rays have frequency below gamma rays
X-Rays
This element, nitrogen and oxygen comprise the most common form of saltpeter an ingredient in gunpowder
Potassium
This elements name refers to its historic extraction from ashes soaked in a pot of water
Potassium
This force balances the centrifugal force at Lagrange points
Gravity
General relativity explains this force as the warping of space time
Gravity
On earth’s surface this force causes an acceleration of 9.8 meters per second squared
Gravity
This region is described by the three cell model where it is divided into Hadley, Ferrel and polar cells
Troposphere
Levels of this molecule decrease during the “austral spring” when its concentration measured in Dobson units reaches its lowest values
Ozone
This organelles matrix is the site of the kerbs cycle
Mitochondria
Disorder of this organelle are typically maternally inherited
Mitochondria
Orogeny
Creation of mts
Generalised by Gamma function
Factorial
Phonograph
Edison
This guy killed an elephant named topsy
Edison
Wizard of Menlo park
Edison
This guy found a lightbulb phiyllmin
Edison
Smelly; sits under oxygen; forms a covalent bridge in protiens
Sulfur
Nico Tinbergen did a study on the patterns of aggression in these animals.
Fishies
Finch Galápagos Islands
Evolution
Darwin
Evolution
Darwin’s bookie
On the origin of species
Rockwell and Vickers scale measure this thing
Hardness
Ideal gas law
PV=nRT
Ideal gas law derived from
Charles law and Boyles law
Energy units
Joule
1/2 mv^2
Energy
Ability to do work
Energy
Luke Howard categorised
Clouds
Rod shaped gut residing bacteria
E. coli
Escherichia family bacteria
E. coli
Zone of avoidance obscured by
Milky Way
Lightest metalloid
Boron
Atomic number 5
Boron
Bell curve
Probability distribution
Poisson and Gauss
Probability distributions
Types of mining
Open pit, strip and underground
Dynamite inventor
Alfred Nobel
Nobel invented
Dynamite
Base pH
Greater than 7
pH<7
Acid
Q cycle with coenzyme q10
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell
Mitochondria
ATP synthesis happens here
Mitochondria
Apoptosis
Programmed cell death
Mares are on this object
Moon
Big O notation
Algorithm performance
Arab mathematician form of algebra
Algorithm
Lava cools fast and forms
Obsidian
Hot fluid ejected from volcano
Lava
Pahoehoe and aa varieties
Lava
Made up of repeating monomers
Polymers
Teflon and Nylon are types of
Polymers
Far off writing
Telegraph
Goldbach conjecture
All even numbers sum of two primes
Largest retrograde moon
Triton
Neptune atmosphere made of
Methane
DNA bases
adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T)
Atomic number 15
Phosphorus
Milk sugar molecule
Lactose
Alterations to DNA
Mutations
Two variants of mutation
Frameshift and point
Sound speed
343 m/s
Sound unit
Decibels
Upper limit for hearing sound waves
20 kilohertz
Earthquake magnitude scale
Richter scale
Hydrogen radioactive isotope
Deuterium
Smallest bones in the human body
Malleus incus and stapes
Hammer anvil and stirrups
Outer portion of ear
Pinna
Eardrum scientific name
Tympanic membrane
Universal solvent
Water
Used in nuclear plant cooling towers
Heavy water
Used to Clean glassware in labs
Acetone and distilled water
Water density maximized at this temperature
4 Celsius
Study of reasoning
Logic (from Greek word logos)
Frontal wedging
Warm air mass forced over cool air mass
Confusing statements that often contain self contradictions
Paradox
“This statement is false” is an example of which paradox
The Liars paradox
Lack of extraterrestrial life
Fermi paradox
Fools gold chemical formula
Pyrite (FeS2) iron disulfide
Hemes contain this element
Iron
Steel is alloy of
Carbon and iron
Iron chemical symbol
Fe
Structure made up of 8 cranial bones and 14 bones
Skull
Frontal, occipital, and temporal bones
Skull
Skull bone names?
Occipital, temporal, and frontal
No hair theorem
Black hole
Singularities in space time
Black hole
Hawking radiation occurs in
Black hole
Event horizon
Black hole
Magnetic field is denoted with this letter
Uppercase B
Magnitude of magnetism can be used to create potential for
Faradays law
Unit for magnetism
Teslas
Jupiter Galilean moons
Ganymede Io Callisto Europa
Euler proof of reciprocals sums pi2 over six
Perfect squares
Same tensile strength as steel
Spider webs
Spider web types
Funnel tubular large spiral
Cinnabar is ore of
Mercury
Mercury alloys
Amalgams
Only liquids at room temp
Bromine and mercury
Atomic number 80
Mercury
Mercury chemical symbol
Hg
Screw used for moving water dude
Archimedes
Antiparticle of electrons
Positrons
Supplies oil to hair
Sebum
Photovoltaic effect
Solar cell
Weapon using fissile material
Nuclear weapons
Enriched uranium or plutonium
Nuclear weapons
Mushroom clouds
Nuclear weapons
Chandrasekhar telescope
Xray
Xray inventor
Wilhelm rontgen
Radiation between UV and gamma
Xray
i to the fourth power
1
Intrusive coarse grained rock
Granite
Granite extrusive equivalent
Rhyolite
Bituminous and non bituminous varieties
Coal
Coal precursor
Peat
Lignite and anthracite
Coal types
Pauli exclusion principle
Electrons
Electron traveling back in time
Positron
Biological catalysts
Enzymes
Proteins ending in -ase such as lipase
Enzymes
Study of language
Linguistics
Euler Lagrange equations field
Calculus
Newton and Leibniz invented
Calculus
Vesta was previously a
Dwarf planet
Eris and ceres are
Dwarf planets
Photo 51
DNA double helix structure
Rosalind franklin, Watson and crick invented
DNA
Acidic soil in taiga
Podzol
Drunken trees
Taiga
Cold biome with lot of evergreen trees
Taiga
Macronutrients
Fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
Fat calories per gram
9
Calvin cycle
Light dependent cycle of photosynthesis
Osteoporosis
Calcium deficiency
Night vision googles
Infrared (near infrared)
Wavelength longer than visible light
Infrared
Programmed cell death
Apoptosis
Unprogrammed cell death
Necrosis
Watering crops for agriculture
Irrigation
Deacon process
Chlorine
Nephron is functional unit of
Kidney
Kidney functional unit
Nephron
Brain functional unit
Neuron
Neuro
Brain related.
Special and general relativity theory
Einstein
Dropped two balls from leaning tower of Pisa
Galileo
Peptide bonds between amino acids
Proteins
Object discovered in 1930
Pluto
Great horned and snowy are types of
Owl
Turn neck 270 degrees animal
Owl
Eratosthenes
Primes (sieve of Eratosthenes)
Moon mission name
Apollo
Invented printing press
Gutenberg
Diurnal, semi diurnal or mixed pattern
Tides
Spring and neap are types of
Tides
How fast velocity is changing
Acceleration
Ratio of circumference to diameter of circle
Pi
Moths and butterflies
Lepidoptera
Butterfly types
Monarchs viceroy
Peer to peer cryptocurrency
Bitcoin or Ethereum
Bauxite is ore of
Aluminium
Skylab and Mir
Space stations
ISS
International space station
Alveoli
Lungs
Lung functional unit
Alveoli
Pb(plumbum)
Lead
Removed from gasoline
Lead
Supercells weather phenomena
Tornadoes
Tornados scale
Enhanced Fujita scale
Other name for tornados
Twisters
Computer Data structure with roots and leaves
Tree
Hodgkin and non Hodgkin varieties
Cancer
Malignant tumors
Cancer
Aqueous humor
Eye filling
7 MOHs scale
Quartz
Most abundant in earths crust
Feldspar
Second most abundant in earth crust
Quartz
Quartz types
Milky smoky and rose
Table salt
Sodium chloride NaCl
These rocks make 60% of Earth’s crust
Feldspar
These rocks make up 41% of Earth’s continental crust
Feldspar
Cell cycle steps
G1
S
G2
M
Cloud; Orbitals
Electrons
The transfer of these particles is the central mechanism to Redox reaction
Electrons
11 year cycle
Sunspots
Chromosphere outside the photosphere
Sun
Corona is part of
Sun
Constant in all inertial reference frames
Speed of light (c)
Speed of light constant letter
c
Longest wavelength color
Red
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Shortest wavelength color
Blue
I think therefore I am
Descartes (pronounced daycarte)
Coordinate system
Cartesian (named after Descartes)
Mathematical objects array of numbers in rows and columns
Matrix (plural matrices)
Maternal DNA passed through
Mitochondria
ATP is generated in
Mitochondria
ATP
Adenosine tri phosphate
Rocks that have natural magnetism
Lodestone
Pitchblende
Uranium ore
Who discovered radium
Marie Curie
Full valence shells
Noble gases
How many chromosomes in humans
46 (23 pairs)
Aqua regia
Nitric acid and hydrochloric acid
Stomach acid contains
Hydrochloric acid
Mustard gas contains
Chlorine
Programs used to find information on the Internet
Search engines
Two up quarks and one down quark
Proton
AIDS disease
HIV
Most malleable metal
Gold
Gold chemical symbol
Au
Leprosy symptom
Loss of skin sensation
Melanin
Gives color to skin
Epidermis
Outer skin
mRNA
Messenger RNA
mRNA contains
Codons
RNA structure
Single strand
Pillow lava
Lava released underwater
Higgs boson gives
Mass
Steel rebar
Used to reinforce concrete
Rock pieces and cement
Concrete
Reactions without need for external energy
Spontaneous
Newest element on the periodic table
Oggenason
Bombardment of californium-249
Oggenasson
Element named after Russian dude
Oggenasson
High stability and low reactivity of the Nobel gasses is due to this amount of valance electrons.
8
2001 bioterrorist attack
Anthrax
Disease who’s spores can enter throughout a cut in the skin
Bacillus anthracis(Anthrax)
Parodoxical undressing
Hypothermia
Natural disaster on snowy mts can cause this
Hypothermia
Mus musculus
Mouse
Enigma machine
World War II
Dobson units measure
Ozone
CFC
Chlorofluorocarbons
CFC cause
Ozone hole (depletion)
Lens types
Concave and convex
Organelle that Breaks down waste products
Lysosomes
Tay sachs disease
Lysosomes
Mars moons
Phobos and Deimos
Mars larger moon
Phobos
Phobos and Deimos
Sons of Ares
HIV virus causes
AIDS
Keeling curve
Carbon dioxide in atmosphere
This organ connects the Oesoehagus and the duodenum
Stomach
Mbsf
Meters below sea floor
Brain of computer
CPU
CPU
Central processing unit
Property to return to its original state after stretching
Elasticity
Hydroxy group
Alcohols
Hand sanitizer contains
Alcohol
Snow sliding down
Avalanche
Distance from peak to trough in a wave
Amplitude
SI unit for current
Ampere
Classes of white blood cells
B and T cells