Science

Question 1

anything that occupies space and has mass is called ____

Answer 1

matter

Question 2

The ____ of an object is a measure of the amount of matter the object has

Answer 2

mass

Question 3

The measure of the space occupied by an object is called ___.

Answer 3

volume

Question 4

substance that are made up of only one kind of particles and has a fixed or constant structure

Answer 4

Pure Substance

Question 5

a substance that consists of only one type or kind of atom

Answer 5

element

Question 6

pure substance when two or more elements are combined chemically in a fixed ratio

Answer 6

compound

Question 7

are made up of two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other

Answer 7

mixture

Question 8

mixtures which possess the same properties and combination throughout their mass

Answer 8

homogenous

Question 9

possess different properties and compositions in various parts

Answer 9

heterogeneous

Question 10

tightly packed, has definite volume and shape, hard to compress, does not flow

Answer 10

solid

Question 11

densely packed, has a definite volume and has no shape but takes the shape of the container, not easily compress, flow easily

Answer 11

liquid

Question 12

atoms and molecules
more spread out, No definite volume, No definite shape but takes the shape of its
container, Highly compressible, Flows easily

Answer 12

Gas

Question 13

the process through which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid. All liquids except helium undergo freezing when the temperature becomes sufficiently cold.

Answer 13

freezing

Question 14

the process by which a substance changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase.

Answer 14

melting

Question 15

, is the process by which molecules undergo a
spontaneous transition from a liquid phase
to a gas phase.

Answer 15

vaporization

Question 16

the opposite of evaporation, is the change in the state of matter from the gas phase to the liquid phase

Answer 16

condensation

Question 17

the settling of particles or sediment onto a surface. also refers to the phase change from
gas to solid.

Answer 17

deposition

Question 18

the transition from a solid phase to a gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.

Answer 18

sublimation

Question 19

He said that
matter consists of
smallest bits of
tiny indivisible
particles called
atoms

Answer 19

Democritus

Question 20

came from
Greek word “atomos”
meaning “uncut”

Answer 20

Atoms

Question 21

• He believed that
  matter was made
  up of four natural
  elements.
• Matter is infinitely
  divisible.
• He completely
  disagreed with
  Democritus

Answer 21

Aristotle

Question 22

• All matters are made
  up of indivisible and
  indestructible
  particles called
  atoms.
• Atoms may form
  compounds when
  combined together.
• All atoms with
  common elements
  are the same.
  The atoms of different
  elements vary from
  one another.

Answer 22

John Dalton

Question 23

• He announced that
  Cathode rays
  consist of
  negatively charged
  particles called
  electrons
• Used the “plum- pudding” or “raisin
  bread” model
• He suggested that
  the negatively-
  charged electrons
  are embedded in a
  positively charged
  particle

Answer 23

Joseph John Thomson

Question 24

• According to his
  experiment, most
  alpha particles pass
  through the foil
  signifying that the
  atom is an empty
  space.
• He is known for his
  work in Gold foil
  experiment.
• This observation led
  him in a conclusion
  that the atom has a
  very minute positive
  particles called
  proton.

Answer 24

Ernest Rutherford

Question 25

Proposed a theory for the hydrogen atom based on quantum theory that energy is transferred only in certain well defined quantities

Answer 25

Niels Bohr

Question 26

The existence of the third subatomic particle was discovered through his experiments on Beryllium known as Neutrons.

Answer 26

James Chadwick

Question 27

When an atom becomes charged, it becomes an ___

Answer 27

Ion

Question 28

An ion becomes positive when it loses electron known as ___

Answer 28

Cation

Question 29

An ion becomes negative when it gains electrons known as ____

Answer 29

Anion

Question 30

Atoms of an element with difference number of neutrons are called ____ * It has same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons

Answer 30

isotopes

Question 31

It states that the electrons will occupy the orbitals having lower energies before occupying higher energy orbitals

Answer 31

Aufbau Principle

Question 32

It states that a maximum of two electrons can fit into a single orbital, each having opposite spins.

Answer 32

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 33

This rule describes the order in which electrons are filled in all of the empty orbitals before pairing.

Answer 33

Hund's Rule

Question 34

* Law of Triads * He grouped the elements in 3s * Concluded that atomic mass of the middle element is the average of the other two

Answer 34

Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner

Question 35

* Law of Octaves * Arranged the elements in increasing atomic weights. * Noticed that many pairs of elements have similar physical properties. * Property of element is being repeated after an interval of eight elements

Answer 35

John Newlands

Question 36

* Developed periodic table like what we are using today. * Arranged the elements in increasing atomic masses. * Observed that the same physical and chemical properties of the elements were periodically repeated

Answer 36

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 37

* German Chemist that included 56 elements in the periodic table. * His work was nearly alike to Mendeleev’s model, but Mendeleev’s work was more credited because of his prediction about the elements of yet to be discovered.

Answer 37

Julius Lothar Meyer

Question 38

* He arranged the sequence of elements according to increasing atomic number. * This led to correction of the inconsistencies in the work of Mendeleev.

Answer 38

Henry Moseley

Question 39

* He proposed an additional series of transuranium elements with an atomic number of 92 – 102 * These are called the lanthanide and actinide series.

Answer 39

Glenn Seaborg

Question 40

* Vertical column of elements * Atoms of elements within a group have the same number of valence electrons

Answer 40

Group or Families

Question 41

* Horizontal row of elements * Written on the left side of the periodic table

Answer 41

Period

Question 42

* On the left side of the periodic table

Answer 42

metals

Question 43

* On the right side of the periodic table

Answer 43

non-metals

Question 44

* The elements that belong to B group are all metallic in nature * Has 2 categories: early and late transition metals * Located in the middle of PT between Group IIA and IIIA.

Answer 44

Transition Elements

Question 45

have properties of both metals and non-metals.

Answer 45

Metalloids or Semi-metals