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Science Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 hazardous things that need to take note of?

A

Hair up
Water near electricity safety glasses on
Close toe shoes

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2
Q

A simple rules when in the lab?

A

Never eat or drink inside the lab

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3
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

The thing you are going to change for the experiment.

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4
Q

What is the dependant variable?

A

The thing you are going to measure in the expirement.

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5
Q

What are the controlled variables?

A

The things that you are gonna be kept the same.

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6
Q

What are the three things that a scientific experiment starts with (scientific method)?

A
  1. A question that the scientist wants to answer.
  2. An aim for how the question will be answered
  3. A statement about what scientist think will happen. (Hypothesis)
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7
Q

What is potential energy?

A

A stored form of energy.

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8
Q

What is energy conversion?

A

When one form of energy is transformed into other forms of energy.

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9
Q

What is energy?

A

The ability to do work.

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10
Q

What is temperature?

A

A measure of how fast the particles that make up a substance are moving.

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11
Q

What is an abiotic?

A

Non living chemical and physical components of an environment or ecosystem

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12
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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13
Q

What is an element

A

Substances that are only made up from one type of atom

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14
Q

What is a compound

A

Substances made up for, two or more types of atom chemically bonded together

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15
Q

What is a mixture

A

Substances made up from two or more types of atom, or compound not chemically bonded

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16
Q

What is a solute

A

A substance dissolved into water or another solvent

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17
Q

What is a solvent

A

A liquid substance that other substances can dissolve into

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18
Q

What is a solution

A

The combination of a solute and a solvent

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19
Q

Solid to gas

A

Sublimation

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20
Q

Gas to solid

A

Deposition

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21
Q

Gas to liquid

A

Condensation

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22
Q

Liquid to gas

A

Evaporation

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23
Q

Liquid to solid

A

Freezing

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24
Q

Solid to liquid

A

Melting

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25
Q

What are the properties of a solid

A
  • Solids keep there shape.
  • They do not spread out
  • Solids can be cut or shaped
  • Keeps the same shape or volume
  • The particles of solids have the lowest kinetic energy out of the three states
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26
Q

What are the properties of a liquid

A
  • Liquids can flow
  • liquids can change their shape to fit a container
  • they have a fixed volume
  • the particles of a liquid have kinetic energy in between solids and gases
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27
Q

What are the properties of a gas

A
  • Gases are often visible
  • they do not have a fixed shape
  • they do not have a fixed volume or shape
  • gases can be compressed
  • the particles that make up a gas have the highest kintetic energy
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28
Q

What is a physical change

A

A change in state of matter

Examples:
Water to ice

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29
Q

What is a chemical change

A

Matter changing from one type of substance to another

Example:
Wood burning

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30
Q

How can we tell a chemical change has occured

A

A change in colour
Gas being released
Heat being released
Light being released

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31
Q

How to seperate 2 solids one of which is magnetic

A

Magnetic seperation

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32
Q

How to seperate 2 solids, one is more soluble than the other

A

Dissolve in solvent and the filter

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33
Q

How to seperate 1 solid and 1 liquid

A

Filter

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34
Q

How to seperate 1 solid dissolved in a solvent

A

Evaporation

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35
Q

How to seperate 2 liquids with different boiling points

A

Distillation

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36
Q

How to seperate 2 solids with different solubility

A

Chromatography

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37
Q

What are the rules of a graph

A
  • no title needed
  • your independent variable should be on the x axis and dependant on y axis
  • you need to include your units
  • very accurate when plotting on the graph
  • needs to make sense and it needs to be able to include all of your data
  • use at least half of the space
38
Q

What is a biotic

A

Any living component of an ecosystem that affects other organisms or their ecosystem

39
Q

What is a cell

A

The smallest unit of an organism

40
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

A chemical process where some organisms use sunlight to produce nutrients from carbon dioxide or water

41
Q

What does mrs gren stand for

A

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrients

42
Q

What is movement

A

A change in position or place

43
Q

What is respiration

A

A chemical reaction which uses oxygen to release the energy in glucose

44
Q

What is sensitivity

A

The ability to sense changes in the environment and respond to them

45
Q

What is growth

A

A permanent increase in size

46
Q

What is reproduction

A

Making more of the same organism

47
Q

What is Excretion

A

The removal of toxic substances and waste products from an organism

48
Q

What is nutrition

A

Where nutrients are taken into the body, broken down, and used for growth, maintenance and repair

49
Q

What is a plant cell made up of

A

Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Cellulose cell wall
Mitochondrion
Permanent vacuole
Chloroplast

50
Q

What is an animal cell made up of

A

Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion

51
Q

What does a nucleus do

A

The control centre of the cell that regulates the other cells processes

Both

52
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

Controls what enters and exits the cell

Both

53
Q

What does the cytoplasm do

A

The site of all reactions in the cell

Both

54
Q

What does the cell wall do

A

Prevents plant cells from bursting,
Provides structure for plant cells

55
Q

What does the Vacuole do

A

Storage organelles that hold nutrients or waste products

Both, permanent in plants, temporary in animals

56
Q

What does the mitochondrion do

A

The site of aerobic respiration

Both

57
Q

Chloroplast

A

The site of photosynthesis

Plant

58
Q

What are tissues

A

Groups of similar cells working together to preform a shared function

59
Q

What are organs

A

Groups of tissues working together to preform a specific function

60
Q

What are the 14 parts of a microscope

A

Tube
Eyepiece
nose piece
Low power lens
medium power lens
High power lens
Stage clips
Diaphragm
Light source
Arm
Stage
Fine focus
Course focus
Base

61
Q

What is chemical potential energy

A

Chemical energy is stored in the bonds between atoms in molecules and compounds

62
Q

What is electrical energy

A

Generated by the movement of electrons

63
Q

What is Gravitational potential energy

A

Large objects like the earth or the sun create gravitational potential energy

64
Q

What is heat energy

A

Heat energy is also called thermal energy, it involves atoms, molecules and compounds vibrating

65
Q

What is light energy

A

Light is a type of radiant energy. Light is made up from tiny particles called photons

66
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

Anything that is moving

67
Q

What is nuclear potential energy

A

Energy generated be splitting atoms

68
Q

What is elastic potential energy

A

Energy that is stored in stretchy or springy objects

69
Q

What is sound energy

A

The vibration of particles

70
Q

Equation for respiration

A

Glucose + oxygen — carbon dioxide + water + energy ( atp)

71
Q

What is the equation to photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water — glucose + oxygen

72
Q

Define malleability

A

Can be worked into different shapes

73
Q

Define lustre

A

Shininess, the ability to reflect light

74
Q

Ductility

A

Can be stretched out into wires

75
Q

Define sonorous

A

Making a ringing sound if it is struck with something

76
Q

Define metal

A

Something that has all of the features of metals

77
Q

Define a Non metal

A

Something that has none or only some of the metal features

78
Q

Define Group

A

The columns going down in the periodic table are called groups

79
Q

Define Period

A

The rows in the periodic table are called periods

80
Q

Define transition metals

A

Metals that are able to bond with other metals that have more valance electrons

81
Q

What are the features of alkali metals

A
  • all soft enough to cut
  • all have a single valence electron in the final shell
  • they will oxidise quick when exposed to air
  • act strongly when they come into contact with water.
82
Q

Properties of metals

A

Electrical conductivity

Malleability

Ductility

Sonorous

Lustrous

Heat conductivity

Solid at room temperature

83
Q

Properties of Non metals

A

Poor thermal conductivity

Poor electrical conductivity

Not malleable or ductile

Little or no metallic lustre

84
Q

2 uses of alkali earth metals

A

Lithium
- ceramic production

Potassium
- fertilisers

85
Q

Alkaline earth metals

A

All reactive but not as reactive

They do not react violently with water

Two valence electrons

86
Q

What group is the oxygen family

A

VI

87
Q

What group is halogens

A

Vii

88
Q

What group is noble gasses

A

Viii

89
Q

Uses for fluorine

A

Rocket fuel

90
Q
A

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