Science Flashcards
Weathering & soil erosion are natural proccesses that shape the Earth’s surfaces
True
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks into smaller particles
True
Soil Erosion is the wearing away of soil particles from one place to another
True
The agents of weathering & erosions are water, wind, temperature changes, plants, animals, & people
True
Different kinds of weathering
Plants, wind, chemicals, animals, snow or frost, water, changes in temperature.
3 types of weathering
Physical, chemical, and biological.
What is Physical weathering?
It happens in places where there is little soil & few plants are growing.
Causes of Physical weathering
Wind, water, ice, plants, human building.
What is Chemical weathering?
It breaks down by changing their composition.
Most common types of chemical weathering
Carbonation, oxidation, and hydrolosis.
What is carbonation?
It is the proccess where carbon dioxide in the air dissolves easily,
what is oxidation?
The proccess of breaking down rocks by oxygen & water, often giving rich rocks a rusty color.
What is Hydrolosis
it occurs when acid water caused the rocks to break producing clay & soluble rocks.
What is Biological Weathering?
It occurs when living things like plants & animals cause rocks to break down or change in their compositon.
What is erosion?
The proccess of washing away weathered rocks & soil.
what is deposition?
the proccess of dropping sediments settles out of the water dropped by wind.
The erosion of topsoil leads to lesser harvest of crops that may cause shortage of
food supply
Soil erosion can change the _____ as water seeps through the mountain and cause landslide
landforms
Soil erosion causes ____ due to few roots of plants that can grow to absorb water
flooding and siltation
3 TYPES OF WEATHERING
Plants - Wind - Chemicals - Animals - snow or frost - water - changes in temperature
Topsoil
The upper most layer of a mature soil or soil in the horizon
Natural Forces That Causes Soil Erosion
water - rainfall & snow - wind - glaciers - Overgrasing Animals - Burning of Excessive cutting of Trees - gold mining - quarrying.
Factors affecting soil erosion
Climate - Slope of the land types - Vegetation Cover
Rainfall & snow, air temp, wind, speed. & the type of season are some of the components of climate that contribute to soil erosion
Climate
Some land with more steep slopes erode more soil by water than the land with very slight slope.
Slope of the Land types.
Plants protect the soil from being exposed directly to wind & rainfall.
Vegetation cover.
Mass wastiing or mass movement
The movement of rocks & soil due to gravity
A destructive form of rapid mass wasting due to gravity where blocks of rock & soil become detached & slide downhill
Landslide
a type of mass movement in which a mass of rock and suddenly slips down a slope in a large mass
rockfall or slump
Effects of soil erosion
Shortage of Food supply - Changes of Landforms - Flooding and Siltation.
Types of Weather Disturbances
Storm - Thunderstorm - Hurricane - Tropical Cycle
