Science

Question 1

Homozygous

Answer 1

An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait

Question 2

Heterozygous

Answer 2

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait

Question 3

Ribosome

Answer 3

site of protein synthesis by decoding mRNA

Question 4

Proton

Answer 4

A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom. Same number as the atomic number.

Question 5

Neutron

Answer 5

A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

Question 6

Lipids

Answer 6

Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Can be broken down to glycerol.

Question 7

Kilo

Answer 7

1000

Question 8

Centimeter

Answer 8

1/100

Question 9

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 9

weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom

Question 10

Ionic bond

Answer 10

A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 11

Polar bonds

Answer 11

a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally

Question 12

Chromosomes

Answer 12

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genesn

Question 13

Diffusion

Answer 13

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

It is a passive process

Osmosis and gas exchange is an example

Question 14

Erythropoietin

Answer 14

A hormone produced and released by the kidney that stimulates the production of red blood cells by the bone marrow.

Question 15

Aldosterone

Answer 15

“salt-retaining hormone” which promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys. na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure

Question 16

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 16

hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland to prevent the kidneys from expelling too much water

Question 17

Renin

Answer 17

hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)

Question 18

Collecting duct

Answer 18

A segment of the nephron that returns water form the filtrate to the bloodstream.

Question 19

Proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 19

first section of the renal tubule that the blood flows through; reabsorption of water, ions, and all organic nutrients

Question 20

Distal convoluted tubule

Answer 20

Between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct; Selective reabsorption and secretion occur here, most notably to regulate reabsorption of water and sodium

Question 21

Loop of henle

Answer 21

section of the nephron tubule that conserves water and minimizes the volume of urine

Question 22

Resigvatory tract

Answer 22

Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Glottis, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, Bronchioles, Lung, Diaphragm.

Question 23

Hypothesis

Answer 23

A testable prediction, often implied by a theory

Question 24

Gas

Answer 24

A state of matter with no definite shape or volume

Question 25

Liquid

Answer 25

A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.

Question 26

Solid

Answer 26

Definite shape and volume

Question 27

Decimeter

Answer 27

1/10

Question 28

Millimeter (mm)

Answer 28

1/1000

Question 29

Micrometer moo

Answer 29

1/1000,000

Question 30

Nanometer (nm)

Answer 30

1/1000,000,000

Question 31

Picometer (pm)

Answer 31

1/1,000,000,000,000