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10-AOL (MGA MAGAGANDA AT POGI) > SCIENCE > Flashcards

SCIENCE Flashcards

1
Q

4 LAYERS OF THE EARTH

A

CRUST
MANTLE
OUTER CORE
INNER CORE

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2
Q

Crust and Mantle make up?

A

Lithosphere

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3
Q

The lithosphere is broken into?

A

Tectonic Plate

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4
Q

Below the lithosphere is the? which is about 180 km thick and contains hot, molten rocks or magma.

A

Asthenosphere

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5
Q

The tectonic plate move due to? (The 2 forces)

A

Driving forces
Resisting forces

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6
Q

It is comprise of the Lithosphere.

A

Crust

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7
Q

The Crust- It makes up the continents called___________ and is about 40 to 70 km thick

A

Continental Crust

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8
Q

The crust is made up of light granitic rocks made up mostly________?

A

Aluminum Silicates

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9
Q

is composed of major and minor blocks, called tectonic plates- that interact and create the tectonic activities on Earth.

A

Lithosphere

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10
Q

The asthenosphere can deform and reshape driven by heat energy, which circulates as?

A

Convection Currents

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11
Q

Therefore, this heat transfer mechanism helps drive the movement of tectonic plates, which manifested as?

A

Earthquakes.

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?
Scientists believe that tectonic plates move because of convection currents that flow up from the core of the Earth and circulate under the asthenosphere

A

TRUE

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13
Q

underlies the ocean floor called the?

A

Oceanic cRUST

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14
Q

the Oceanic Crust has an average thickness of ?

A

5Km

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15
Q

Oceanic Crust is composed of?

A

dense Basaltic rocks and Magnesium Silicates

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16
Q

An English astronomer and mathematician, theorized that Earth is hallow

A

Edmund Halley

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17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?
Harry Hess said the core was about the size of Mercury and that these layers were also inhabited.

A

FALSE
(IT WAS EDMUND HALLEY)

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18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?
science confirms that the outer core of Earth is even bigger than Mercury.

A

TRUE

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19
Q

Based on seismological data, Earth’s outer core has a radius of?

A

3400 km

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20
Q

Based on seismological data, Mercury has a radius of?

A

2440km

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21
Q

Age of continental plates?

A

3.8 to 4 billion yrs old

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22
Q

Age of Oceanic plates?

A

less than 200 million years old

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23
Q

Coverage of Continental plates in the Earth’s surface?

A

71%

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24
Q

Coverage of oceanic plates in the Earth’s surface?

A

29%

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25
Q

It is a semi-solid, rocky and very hot layer.

A

Mantle

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26
Q

Mantle is composed of?

A

Ferro-magnesium silicates rocks

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27
Q

It is composed of Ferro-magnesium silicates rocks

A

Mantle

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28
Q

measures about 2900 km thick that makes up 80% of Earth and carries most of its mass.

A

Mantle

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29
Q

The temperature of the top layer of mantle?

A

900 C (900 degree celsius)

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30
Q

As goes deeper into mantle , temperature increases from?

A

1000 to 3700 C (degree celsius)

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31
Q

only layer that is liquid which made up of molten nickel and iron.

A

Outer Core

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32
Q

Outer core is made up of?

A

molten nickel and iron.

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33
Q

It is about 2270 km thick and has temperature ranges from 3700 to 4300 ᴼC.

A

Outer core

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34
Q

The inner core has a diameter of?

35
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?
The inner core is composed of mostly solid iron.

36
Q

is extremely hot; it’s temperature is recently estimated about 6000 ᴼC.

A

Inner core

37
Q

The 3 INTERFACES MARK THE BOUNDARIES BETWEEN LAYERS:

A

The Mohorovicic Discontinuity
The Gutenburg Discontinuity
The Lehman Discontinuity

38
Q

It marks the boundary between the lower mantle and the outer core.

A

The Gutenburg Discontinuity

39
Q

It is the interface between the crust and the upper mantle.

A

The Mohorovicic Discontinuity

40
Q

It is located between the liquid outer core and solid inner core.

A

The Lehman Discontinuity

41
Q

These features can be sources of different minerals or can used for agricultural
purposes. For instance, we have the majestic and renowned What Volcano?

A

Mayon Volcano

42
Q

found in the northeast coast of Luzon, we have thefound in the northeast coast of Luzon, we have the__________ mountain range which is a home to many endemic species of flora and fauna.

A

Sierra Madre

43
Q

A theory that suggests that Earth’s Crust is made up of plates that interact in various ways, thus producing earthquakes, mountains, volcanoes, and other geologic features.

A

PLATE TECTONICS

44
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?
iT IS SUGGEST THAT PLATES ARE MOVING AND LEAD TO THE CHANGE IN THE SURFACE

45
Q

A German Meteorologist, proposed a theory “The Continental Drift” that about 200 million years ago, the continents were once one large landmass.

A

ALFRED WEGENER (1912)

46
Q

What did Alfred Wegener called this landmass?

47
Q

“Pangaea’ a Greek word means?

A

“All Earth”.

48
Q

A theory that states that the Continents are moving

A

Continental Drift Theory

49
Q

Was Wegener Theory that the continents were once joined together was accepted?

A

NO
(It was not accepted and he was not able to explain how this drifting took place)

50
Q

During WHAT YEAR, new techniques and modern gadgets enabled scientists to make better observations and gather new information about the ocean floor.

51
Q

With the use of __________, scientists had a clearer view of the ocean floor.
(They have discovered underwater features deep within the ocean.)

A

sonars and submersibles

52
Q

He proposed a theory of the “SEAFLOOR SPREADING”

A

HARRY HESS (1960s)

53
Q

He stated that oceans have tectonic Activity

A

HARRY HESS (1960s)

54
Q

It is a hot, less dense materials below the Earth’s crust rises towards the surface at the mid-ocean ridge.

A

SEAFLOOR SPREADING

55
Q

Where the deformation of Lithosphere is happening.

A

PLATE BOUNDARIES

56
Q

PLATE BOUNDARIES IS ALSO KNOWN AS?

A

ZONE OF INTERACTION

57
Q

THE MOST DESTRUCTIVE
-SUBDUCTION ZONE

A

Convergent BOUNDARY

58
Q

The 3 types of convergent Boundary

A

Oceanic - continental (O-C) Convergent Boundary
Oceanic- Oceanic (o-O) Convergent Boundary
continental-Continental (C-C) Convergent Boundary

59
Q

It produces mountain ranges

A

Oceanic - Continental (O-C) Convergent Boundary

60
Q

iT CREATES ISLANDS

A

Oceanic- Oceanic (O-O) Convergent Boundary

61
Q

It produces tall mountain ranges

A

continental-Continental (C-C) Convergent Boundary

62
Q

nEITHER PLATES SUBDUCT

A

continental-Continental (C-C) Convergent Boundary

63
Q

OCEANIC PLATES SUBDUCT

A

Oceanic - continental (O-C) Convergent Boundary

64
Q

Older plates subduct

A

Oceanic- Oceanic (o-O) Convergent Boundary

65
Q

CONSTRUCTIVE Boundary

A

DIVERGENT BOUNDARY

66
Q

It is CONSERVATIVE

A

TRANSFORM FAULT BOUNDARY

67
Q

it produces RIFTS

A

DIVERGENT BOUNDARY

68
Q

It creates faults and fracture zones

A

TRANSFORM FAULT BOUNDARY

69
Q

The movement of plates is influenced by two types of forces

A

Driving forces
Resisting forces

70
Q

Push tectonic plates forward or toward one another or pull them apart

A

Driving Forces

71
Q

Core rising toward the mantle

A

Mantle Convection

72
Q

drive the plates away from one another, this heat dissipates and creates a current due to the difference in temperature.

A

Convection Current

73
Q

-OPPOSITE OF MANTLE DRAG
-takes place when a subducting slab sinks into the hot mantle because of a difference in temperature
- The rest of the plate to which the slab is attached to is pulled in as well.

74
Q

occurs two colliding plates, one subducting underneath the other, whereby convection currents in the upper mantle suck both plates down.

A

Slab suction

75
Q

when the lithosphere is pushed up by the asthenosphere because of convection currents from the mantle.
Gravity pushes the plate down the ridge and a new crust is formed.

A

Ridge Push

76
Q

Act against the driving forces of plate tectonics

A

Resisting forces

77
Q

FORCE that resists all the forces associated with plate movement in subduction zones.
- Plates collide of a plate boundary

A

SLAB RESISTANCE

78
Q

occurs when a heavy plate is pulled into the mantle but resists subduction because of friction.

A

Collisional Resistance

79
Q

-This force opposes the slab pull

A

Collisional Resistance

80
Q

is the frictional force due to the opposing MOVEMENT OF PLATES MOVING PAST ONE ANOTHER BETWEEN TWO SPREADING CENTERS.

-“ZONE OF ATTRACTION”

A

Transform fault resistance

81
Q

Resist movement of lithospheric or in atmospheric plates

A

drag force

82
Q

WHAT ARE THE 4 DRIVING FORCES?

A

Mantle convection
Slab pull
slab suction
Ridge push

83
Q

WHAT ARE THE 4 RESISTING FORCES?

A

slab resistance
collisional resistance
transform fault resistance
drag force

84
Q

POGI BA SI JHARED YES OR YES

10-AOL (MGA MAGAGANDA AT POGI) (4 decks)

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