Science Flashcards
What are the 3 different types of energy
Kinetic, potential and chemical energy
What is the Law of conservation of energy
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed - only converted from one form of energy to another
What is Energy Trasformation
Energy transformation means the changing of energy from one type to another, e.g. from kinetic energy to electrical energy
Conduction Meaning
Conduction is the process by which heat energy is transmitted through collisions between neighboring atoms or molecules.
Conductor Meaning
A conductor, or electrical conductor, is a substance or material that allows electricity to flow through it
Insulator Meaning
Any material that keeps energy such as electricity, heat, or cold from easily transferring through is an insulator
Convection Meaning
Convection is a way for heat to move, also referred to as a heat transfer mechanism
Conduction in terms of a particle model
Conduction is the transfer of heat energy through a solid. There is no net movement of particles. The particles in the hottest part of a material, vibrate further from their usual positions. They transfer energy through collisions with lower-energy particles.
Everyday uses of Conduction
Heat transfers into your hands as you hold a hot cup of coffee. Touching a hot seatbelt when you get into a car. Ice cools down your hand. boiling water by thrusting a red-hot piece of iron into it.
Explain convection in terms of the particle model
The particles in liquids and gases can move from place to place. Convection happens when particles with a lot of thermal energy in a liquid or gas move, and take the place of particles with less thermal energy. Thermal energy is transferred from hot places to cold places by convection.
Everyday uses of convection
Radiator - A radiator puts warm air out at the top and draws in cooler air at the bottom. steaming cup of hot tea - The steam you see when drinking a cup of hot tea indicates that heat is being transferred into the air. ice melting - Ice melts because heat moves to the ice from the air.
Difference between series and parallel circuits
A series circut is where all light bulbs are in a line but parallel circits are parallel to each other eg. the lines will never meet (like train tracks)
Difference between multicellular and unicellular organisms
Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell that carries out all of the functions needed by the organism, while multicellular organisms use many different cells to function. Unicellular organisms include bacteria, protists, and yeast.
What is the hierarchical relationship between the cells, tissues, organs and systems in multicellular organisms
The body of a multicellular organism is organised at different levels, starting with the cell. Cells are organised into tissues, and tissues form organs. Organs are organised into organ systems and finally into an organism.
What are the requirements for life including gases, nutrients and water
Everything else aside, there are 4 things the human body must have to survive: water, food, oxygen, and a functioning nervous system
