Science Flashcards
What did Mendel use for his tests of heredity?
Pea
What is a description of the alleles present in an individual?
Genotype
What is a tool that would help predict patterns of heredity?
Punnett Square
What is Phenotype?
Observable traits of an organism. P H E N O T Y P E (P for Physical) (N for Noticeable).
If a gene was homozygous recessive, how would you represent it?
Two lowercase letters ( ex. hh ).
How many copies of alleles does each person have?
2
If a gene was heterozygous, how would you represent it?
You would represent it by using an uppercase and a lowercase letters. (Hh)
What is carrying capacity?
Size of population that is supported by resources in a given location
What usually happens to a population of organisms when the region’s carrying capacity has been reached?
it levels off
What is an ecosystem?
All the living and nonliving things in an area.
What are populations influenced by?
Resources like prey, food, water, sunlight, predators, and shelter.
Explain the relationship between population and community and ecosystem.
Population is a group of the same species in the same area. A community is all the populations of different species living in an area. An ecosystem is all the living and nonliving things in a given area
What happens when the needs of species are no longer met?
They migrate or die off and eventually become extinct
What are some causes of extinction?
Habitat loss and not enough resources (lack of water, food, and shelter)
When does overpopulation of species occur?
If their species number exceeds the carrying capacity.
Why is overpopulation so dangerous?
It overtakes the ecosystem and it messes up the food web.
What is the most common effect of overpopulation?
Starvation
What happens if an ecosystem is left alone?
A balance will eventually return.
What happens when population numbers increase?
Resources are used up faster.
What molecule is most responsible for the adverse effects of pollution and deforestation on Earth’s climate?
Carbon dioxide
What is global warming?
The slow warming of earth’s atmosphere due to the warming of the Earth
What does anthropogenic mean?
Caused by humans
What are the greenhouse gasses?
Greenhouse gasses are the gasses that are on the outside of the earth that trap the Earth’s sunlight.
What is happening to the weather that is a sign of climate change?
Extreme storms and glaciers are melting.
What is a water cycle?
The water cycle is the movement of water among various reservoirs.
What is the most important source of energy that drives the water cycle?
The sun
What are the basic forces that drive the water cycle?
Gravity and buoyancy
What does the global wind system and the resulting currents in Earth’s oceans move around the planet?
Thermal energy and moisture around the planet.
What is precipitation?
Precipitation is a part of the water cycle. There are many types of precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, and hail)
What are temperatures affected by?
They are affected by seasons and the water cycle
What is a meteorologist?
Person who studies weather
Name some of the tools meteorologist use.
Thermometers, barometers, anemometers, rain gauges, hygrometer, psychrometer, ceilometer, radar, disdrometer, wind profiler, and imagers (cameras).
What is a front?
A front is boundary between large masses of air with different densities.
