SCIENCE Flashcards
Is coined form the words, biological diversity.
Biodiversity
Usually, scientists would prefer to three levels of biodiversity name:
Species diversity
Genetic diversity
Ecosystem diversity
The different kinds of organisms.
Species diversity
Genetic information that organisms contain.
Genetic diversity
Different kinds of places where organisms live and the interconnection that bind these organism together.
Ecosystem diversity
There __________ known species of organisms
13 billion
Only _______ all organisms that ever lived
5%
> is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities.
is also known as taxonomy
Classification
> Are scientist that identify and name organism.
> biologist who specialize in identifying and classifying life on our planet have named 1.7 species so far
Taxonomists
Scientists estimate that there are between ______ and ______ species or organisms on earth.
3 million and 100 million.
Have named _________ species so far.
1.7 million
Each year, about _______ new species are added to the list of known organisms
13,000
Discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a universally accepted name.
I’m other words, naming things.
Taxonomy
2000 years ago, ________ (__________)
Was the first taxonomist.
Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC
He divided organisms into plants and animals.
Aristotle
He classified organisms by their structure.
Carolus linnaeus (1707 - 1778)
He created the system of naming we use
Carolus linnaeus
Carolus linnaeus classification systems includes _______
7 levels.
“Bi” means
2
“Nomial” means
Naming
Nomenclature means
“The system of naming”
Each species is assigned a _______ scientific name
Two-part
7 levels of classification
King Philip Came Over For Good Spag
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Largest taxonomic group consisting of closely rated phyla
Kingdom
Group of similar families
Order
Group of closely related classes
Phylum
Group of similar orders
Class
> Groups of closely related species that share common.
> is a group of closely related species.
Genus
Group of genera (genus) that share many characteristics
Family
> Group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
Species
If these three species belong to the same genus, they are descended from common ancestor.
Genus species
Two forms of life are
Eukaryotic and prokaryotic
Refers to the largest groups in the classification of life.
Domain
Three agreed groups at this level. (In domain)
Archaea domain
Bacteria domain
Eukarya domain
Is a toxonomic rank that is composed of smaller groups called phyla or divisions.
Kingdom
6-kingdom system of classification includes Kingdoms:
Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
The domain eukarya is divided into 4 kingdoms:
Fungi
Plants
Protista
Animalia
The most diverse and widespread among the prokaryotes.
Kingdom eubacteria
Kingdom eubacteria have a special layer of sugar and amino acids in their cell wall. This layer is called
Peptidoglycan
Three General types of bacterial shapes:
Cocci - spherical bacteria
Bacilli - rod-shaped bacteria
Spirilla - spiral-shaped bacteria
Archaeans were first discover in
1983
They’d re believed to be the oldest life form on the earth.
Kingdom archaea
(Salt lover) Thrive in extremely salty environment such as salt lakes, seawater, evaporating ponds, and brine sulotions.
Extreme halophiles
That release methane, a bubbling gas, as a waste product. They survive in swamps, hots spring, sewage, and freshwater marshes, as well as intestinal tracts of human and ruminants.
Methanogens
(Heat lovers) live in very hot temperature, usually at 100 degrees Celsius.
Extreme thermophiles
The most primitive but the most diverse among unicellular eukaryotic organisms.
Kingdom Protista
Plants are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are all autotrophic (capable of producing their own food by the process off photosynthesis, the conversion of sunlight energy into chemical energy).
Kingdom Plantae
Mostly low growing and do not possess roots for absorbing water from the ground.
Nonvascular plants.
A week-developed root system, making them poorly adapted to land environments.
Bryophytes
Contains true vascular tissues that transport water and nutrients within the plant body.
Vascular plants.
Are organisms whose ancestor existed on earth for more than 900 million years ago (Precambrian Period) based on fossil records.
Kingdom fungi
Animals are multicellular organisms without cell walls or chlorophyll.
Kingdom Animalia
With backbones
Vertebrates
Without backbones
Invertebrates
Is made up of sea sponges, which are stationary plant-like organisms we find in colorful coral reefs
Porifera
Segmented worms, like the ones bird eat from the ground
Annelida
Consists of jellyfish and hydras
Cnidria
Round worms, which have a complete digestive system
Nematoda
All creepy animals such as spider, centipedes, bees, scorpions, and even insects like playing mantises and butterflies.
Arthropoda
Consists of the soft squids, sea snails, clams, cuttlefish, and octopi of the ocean, as well as snails and slugs on land.
Mollusca
Includes sea squirts, sea urchins, and sea stars.
Echinodermata
Animals with flexible rod supporting their dorsal or back sides
Chordata
3 domain
Eukarya
Bacteria
Archaea
6 kingdoms
KINGDOM EUBACTERIA KINGDOM ARCHAEA KINGDOM PROTISTA KINGDOM PLANTAE KINGDOM FUNGI KINGDOM ANIMALIA
The present system of naming organisms called
Binomial Nomenclature
