Science Flashcards
Monopoly
Legal right given by the estate to an individual, group or company to explode an exclusive character of an industry or business.
Norfolk System
System where no fallow land was left and new products were introduced (potatoes/corn). This system also increased the number of livestock and the manure was used as fertiliser
Proletariat
Someone that belongs to the working class, in the industrial society, workers that do not posses means of production and theyr salary came from the sale of his own work
Robert Fukton
He was the inventor of a boat with an steam engine in 1807, they were fragile, so they were used to transport goods through navigable rivers
Rural Exodus
Period in which people went to cities to live, because as te workers were unskilled, there was plenty of work. There was a redistribution of the European population in a process know as rural exodus. Due to the introduction of new machinery in the primary sector, peasants lost their jobs and went to cities to work in bigger factories
Anarchism
Social radical movement that called for total freedom. No private property. Communal property. They defended the idea of fighting together with the Marxists against the system which was oppressing the workers so they called the First International in 1864
Cartel
A group of independent companies that make agreements to control prices, production and markets. The most common arrangments are aim at regukating prices or dividing up markets
Communism
Political and economic ideology that wants to replace private property, production and abolish social classes.
It is a political system and a mode of social economic organization characterized by a common property of the meduim of production, as for the existance of social classes, market and state.
Enclosure acts
Laws passed by the British Parliament that privatised common land in 1801. This common land had low yields and were used by local peasants. The Enclosure Acts closed these lands and helped big landowners who tried to increase their yields by producing more and improve the land
1st international
meeting between anarchists and marxists, The International Workingmen’s Association (IWA), often called the First International (1864–1876), was an international organisation which aimed at uniting a variety of different left-wing socialist, communist and anarchist groups and trade unions that were based on the working class and class struggle
Fordism
production system in industrial production, established before World War I. Created by Henry Ford. It appeared on the XX century promoting the espicialition, the transformation of the industrial system and the reduction of the costs.
Holding
It is a managing society, it is a commercial society which principal and only function is to have or administrate the properties or other societies or companies.
James Watt
engineer, mechanic, inventor and scotch quimic. He invented the machine of Newcome known as the steam machine, that was a fundamental progress in the I Industrial Revolution, in the UK and the rest of the world. He invented the first (motor)
1765
Luddites
movement led by English artisants in the XIX century they protested between the years 1811 and 1816 against the new machines that destroyed employment. The revealed the against the textile machinery, breaking all the machines that were taking their jobs. The term Luddite is now used to define individuals or groups opposed to technological change.
Marxism
it is a teoric perspective and method of the socioeconomic analysis of reality and history, that considers the class relations and social conflict using the material interpretation of the historic development. Movement based on the ideas of Carlmas in the XIX century.
Takes it from the communist manifesto. Proletariat and the Bourgeoisie and the struggle between them, it is going to decide If one country is going back or its going to “evolucionar”. Bourgeoisie are earning money thanks to the Proletariat.
