Science

Question 1

weathering

Answer 1

the chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth’s surface

Question 2

erosion

Answer 2

the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock and soil

Question 3

mechanical weathering

Answer 3

The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces

Question 4

chemical weathering

Answer 4

The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes

Question 5

sediment

Answer 5

earth materials deposited by erosion

Question 6

gravity

Answer 6

the force that moves rock and other materials downhill

Question 7

deposition

Answer 7

process in which sediment is laid down in new locations

Question 8

mass movement

Answer 8

any one of several processes by which gravity moves sediment downhill

Question 9

runoff

Answer 9

water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground

Question 10

stream

Answer 10

a channel through which water is continually flowing downhill

Question 11

tributary

Answer 11

a stream that flows into a larger stream

Question 12

flood plain

Answer 12

wide valley through which a river flows

Question 13

meander

Answer 13

a loop-like bend in the course of a river

Question 14

oxbow lake

Answer 14

a meander cut off from a river

Question 15

alluvial fan

Answer 15

a wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range

Question 16

delta

Answer 16

a landform made of sediment that is deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake

Question 17

load

Answer 17

the amount of sediment that a river or stream carries

Question 18

glacier

Answer 18

Any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land (continental or valley)

Question 19

ice age

Answer 19

any period of time during which glaciers covered a large part of the earth’s surface

Question 20

plucking

Answer 20

The process by which a glacier picks up rocks as it flows over the land

Question 21

till

Answer 21

the mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits directly on the surface

Question 22

moraine

Answer 22

A ridge formed by the till is deposited at the edge of a glacier.

Question 23

kettle

Answer 23

A small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in glacial till. Eventually forms a pond or lake.