Science Flashcards
Acidic Substances
fruits, vinegar, carbonated beverages,
Base Substances
toothpaste, baking soda, cleaning powder, soap, ammonia
The Color of the Star
describes the surface temperature of the star.
Predation
relationship between two organisms of unlike species in which one of them acts as the predator that captures and feeds on the other organism that serves as the prey.
Evolutionary Adaptation
increases survival rate of organisms with certain traits.
Law of Conservation of Matter
matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
the mass of the reactants consumed should be equal to the mass of the products.
Natural Gas
fossil fuel that is mostly composed of methane.
Solar Day
24/hours a day is dependent on Earth’s rotation on its axis
solar day is based on the length of time between two consecutive solar noons.
Solar Noon
solar noon is the time the sun is at the highest point in the sky
Producers
use energy from the sun to synthesize sugar through the process of photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll
green pigment that absorbs sugar through the process of photosynthesis.
found in cyanobacteria and in chloroplasts of algae and plants.
Primary Consumers
organisms that get transferred energy stored in sugar molecules.
feed on the producers.
Balanced Chemical Equation
when the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides of the equation.
Seasonal Variations
occur because Earth’s rotational axis is tilted. During summer in the northern hemisphere, when the northern end of the axis is tilted towards the sun, regions in the northern hemisphere receive more direct sunlight.
Humidity
amount of water vapor approaches the saturation point that the air can hold at a given temperature.
the rate of evaporation of water from skin decreases, causing the lack of evaporative cooling.
Three solid balls of different material are dropped at the same time. Without air resistance, which will land first?
They will all land at the same time. Without air resistance, free falling objects will have the same downward acceleration, no matter the mass.
Copernicus
proposed the first modern heliocentric theory that the sun, not the earth, is the center of the universe.
Precipitation Forms
snow- growth of ice crystals from water vapor. crystals aggregate to form snowflakes
sleet/hail- form in the atmosphere from freezing water
freezing rain- rain that freezes upon contact with cold surfaces
Bacterium
prokaryotic organisms that are unicellular
lack of nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
reproduce through binary fission
type of asexual reproduction
Deoxyribonucleic Acids
DNA
transmit genetic information
Divergent Plate Boundary
occur when two tectonic plates are moving apart from each other
ex: mid-ocean ridge
Cellular Respiration
takes place in the cytoplasm and mitochondria
energy is released by the breakdown of sugars and used to from ATP molecules
ATP molecules
primary source of energy for many cellular processes
Isotopes
have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons and mass number
