Science Flashcards
Group
The colums dividing the periodic table along the y axis.
Period
The rows dividing the periodic table along the x axis.
Atomic mass
The weight of the atom on the periodic table.
Atomic number
The number in which the atom is identified.
Symbol
The abreviation used to identify each atom.
Proton
The positive parts of an atom that are measured by the atomic number.
Electron
The negative parts of an atom that are measured by the atomic number.
Neutron
The atomic mass minus the atomic number.
1st shell can hold
2 electrons.
2nd and thrid shell can hold
8 electrons each.
Compounds
2 or more elements
Elements
1 type of element
Subatonic particles
neutons, protons, and elecrons
ions
charged atoms, negative (gains electrons), positive (loses electrons) they either lose or gain electrons because they need to have full electron shells to make them stable. Without full electron shells they are reactive.
half-life
Half-life is the representation of the skittles. Half-life is when the number of atoms drops to half, then half of that half, then so on and on.
radiation
Radiation is mainly considered bad but there are some types of radiation that are used for good. Alpha, beta, gamma are the three types of radiation and each have different levels of strength.Radiation is the release of energy in rays.
alpha
Alpha radiation loses 2 protons and 2 neutrons, and is most common in heavy atoms around the hundreds. Alpha radiation can be stopped by our hands. Alpha radiation is used in smoke detectors as it produces ions in the smoke, then the smoke absorbs the radiation and sets off the alarm.
beta
Beta radiation ejects a particle almost identical to electrons and can trace medical imaging. Beta radiation can’t be stopped by our hands but by aluminium. Beta radiation is used to test thickness of materials in industries such as aluminum or paper.
gamma
Gamma radiation involves protons and neutrons rearranging themselves, not being shot out. Gamma radiation is the most powerful type of radiation and can’t be stopped by our hand, aluminum, but can be stopped by lead. Gamma radiation can be used for xrays and scanning or cancer but is extremely powerful.
Fission
Fission is when a large nucleus splits into 2 smaller nuclei of the similar size.
Fusion
Fusion is when 2 small nuclei come toghter to form a large nucleus.
Fukushima
When a earthquake set of a tsunami
compound - if there is 1+ and 1-
don’t need to put them in because they balance each other out.
Comound - if there is 2+ and 1-
need to put a 2 next to the compound to even it out.
